Provenance Research Resources

Hildegard Bachert
Art dealer who has worked for Galerie St. Étienne, New York, c. 1940-present.

• AAA: Interview, Feb. 25, 1993. [See also Galerie St. Étienne.]

Kunsthandel Kurt Bachstitz Gallery, Berlin, Munich, Amsterdam
Dealer in Old Master paintings, originally located in Berlin. Around 1922 Bachstitz opened a gallery in New York at the Ritz Carlton Hotel, moving in April 1931 to the Sherry Netherlands Hotel. Between 1931–32 Bachstitz sold part of the large group of paintings van Beuningen bought from the Viennese banker/collector Stephan von Auspitz. A Jew, Bachstitz fled Berlin and settled in Holland. He obtained a visa to Switzerland in 1942 through the intervention of his brother-in-law Hofer.

• RKD: Correspondence, expertises, card system, 1925, 1930.

Franz Bader Gallery, Washington, D.C.
Specializing in contemporary sculpture, painting, and works on paper. Operated under various names: Franz Bader Gallery, Franz Bader Inc., Franz Bader Gallery and Bookshop. Emigrating to the United States in 1939, Bader first managed Whyte's Bookshop, where he introduced an art gallery featuring local artists. In 1953 he established his own gallery at 1705 G St. N.W., continuing to show local and young artists, as well as contemporary prints. Bader died in 1994, and the gallery mounted its final show in 1995.

• AAA: Scrapbooks and guestbooks, 1955–85.

Joellen Bard
Contemporary art curator, New York.

• AAA: Records 1953–78: exhibition records to the exhibition curated by Joellen Bard: "Tenth Street Days: The Co-ops of the 50s: the galleries, Tanager, Hansa, James, Camino, March, Brata, Phoenix, Area: an artist-initiated exhibition, works from 1952–1962."

Herman Baron (1892–1961)
Herman Baron was the founder of the A.C.A. Galleries (also known as American Contemporary Art and A.C.A. Gallery) in 1932 and served as its director until his death in 1961.

• AAA: Papers, 1937–67 (brief biographical account, 1967; an essay by Baron entitled, "American Art Under Attack", 1949; exhibition catalogues and publications relating to the A.C.A. Galleries; etc.).

Alfred Barr, New York
Art historian and former director of the Museum of Modern Art, New York.

• MOMA: Papers

Adolphe Basler (1878–1949), Paris
Polish born, Parisian art dealer and critic of 20th-century art.

• GRI: Correspondence and newspaper clippings, 1912–49 (bulk 1915–35). Primarily letters written to Basler by various artists and critics.

Carl Battaglia Galleries, New York

• AAA: Records relating to Charles Burchfield exhibition, 1978.

Esther Bear Gallery, Santa Barbara, Calif.
Specialized in contemporary art.

• AAA: Records 1954–77: Files on artists, exhibitions, events, associates, other galleries.

Galerie Bellier, Paris
Established c. 1930, the gallery specializes in 19th- and 20th-century paintings. Jean Claude Bellier was an expert on Corot.

• Gallery maintains records.

Charles Beloe, Great Britain
Beloe was an art dealer, agent and exhibitor, familiar with some of the leading British painters of the mid-19th century, including Benjamin Robert Haydon and Sir George Hayter.

• GRI: Letters sent by Beloe from various locations in Britain, 1841–51 referring to the exhibition, purchase, and sale of contemporary British works of art. He comments on organizing provincial art exhibitions and gives occasional details on individual artists and works of art.

Billy Al Bengston
Painter, Los Angeles and Hawaii, Bengston founded Artist Studio, a gallery which showed primarily his own work and that of Ed Moses, Ken Price, and Ed Ruscha.

• AAA: Papers, 1952–89 (inventories and scattered legal and financial records of Artist Studio; administrative records of Artist Studio, 1967–85).

Galerie Berggruen, Paris
Heinz Berggruen (1914–2007) opened a shop in Paris after World War II, selling rare and limited editions. In 1952 he opened a gallery in Paris, becoming one of the most important post-war dealers in classic modern art—Picasso, Klee, Matisse, Léger, and Miro—with a large and significant clientele. After his retirement in 1982 he donated 90 works by Paul Klee to the Metropolitan Museum of Art. In 2000, he sold his collection of 113 modern masterpieces to the German government.

• ZADIK: Papers

Galerie Bernheim-Jeune, Paris
Family of French dealer and publishers. Gallery founded in 1863 by Alexandre Bernheim and his elder brother Georges was a major promoter of 19th-century French academic and Impressionist paintings as well as the work of early 20th-century artists. Also owned part of Galerie Georges Petit in partnership with Étienne Bignou from 1920–33.

• Gallery maintains records c. 1930–present. Firm will respond to inquiries for a fee.

Adrien Beugniet, Paris
French art dealer.

• GRI: Letters received, 1854–1908. Correspondents include Charles Chaplin, Charles François Daubigny, Edouard Detaille, Jean-Léon Gérome, Eugène Isabey, Marie Cazin, Paul Gavarni, Eugene Fromentin, Jules Breton, Louis Français, Théodore Chassériau, and Félix Ziem.

Bignou Gallery, Paris and New York
Étienne Bignou (1891–1950) first worked for his stepfather, an art dealer on rue Lafitte, selling Old Master paintings. After WWI, his interests turned to Boudin and Fantin-Latour and he became an important promoter of the Impressionists, especially in England. In 1927 he opened his own gallery in Paris. He was Raoul Dufy's first dealer and served as an agent for the American collectors Dr. Barnes and Chester Dale. With Gaston and Josse Bernheim-Jeune, Bignou bought the Parisian auction house Galerie Georges Petit and hired Georges Keller to direct it in 1929. Following the closure of the Galerie Georges Petit in 1932, Keller entered into partnership with Bignou and together they ran the Galerie Étienne Bignou, Paris. Keller became director of the New York branch of Bignou Gallery in about 1935. Étienne Bignou died in 1950 and by 1953 Keller had closed Bignou Gallery and was director of Carstairs Gallery, New York

• FARL & Orsay: Photo albums of paintings in their possession. Mounts include notations about provenance, exhibitions, and bibliography. Organized by year and artist.

Galerie Bing et Cie, Paris
Founded by Henry Bing, who had been a partner with H. Fiquet of Galerie Fiquet (formerly known as Nunes & Fiquet), the gallery became known as Galerie Bing in 1925 and operated until 1932.

• Location of records unknown.

Martin Birnbaum (1878–1970)
Art dealer Birnbaum was manager of the Berlin Photographic Co., New York, 1910–16. Longtime partner in the art firm of Scott & Fowles. Spent later part of his career building the Grenville Lindall Winthrop Collection, now at the Fogg Museum.

• AAA: Records, 1862–1970 (correspondence primarily reflecting his association with Scott & Fowles, but also including personal and professional correspondence with artists, dealers and collectors; business, financial and legal documents).

Arnold Blanch (1896–1968)
Painter, lithographer, etcher, illustrator, writer, teacher, and lecturer.

• AAA: Papers 1928–33 (primarily concerning Blanch's association with the Dudensing Galleries, including correspondence, 1928–32 and undated, lists of works of art, receipts, account statements, legal documents, and statements issued by the Dudensing Galleries concerning its representation of modern American artists; miscellaneous correspondence).

Bland Gallery, New York
Operated by Harry MacNeill Bland, the gallery specialized in miniatures.

• AAA: Correspondence, 1931–53, mostly with John Hill Morgan, on authentication and purchase of 18th-century American historic engravings and portraits. Also correspondence with Harry F. du Pont, Josiah K. Lilly, David F. Bruce; and others.

Irving Blum Gallery, Los Angeles
Previously called the Ferus Gallery. The gallery was founded by Ed Kienholz and Walter Hopps, and was the first to show contemporary West Coast art in the region.

• AAA: Ferus Gallery & Irving Blum Gallery announcements, 1961–72 (and undated).

Blumka Gallery, New York
Established in Vienna during the late 19th century and moved to New York during the 1930s. Sculpture and objets d'art. Blumka was involved in the formation and sale of important Viennese collections, including Figdor and Bondy. After World War II, Blumka sold many of the objects restituted to German and Austrian emigrés living in the United States, including Mrs. Bondy.

• Gallery maintains historic records, including photographs and inventories.

N. V. Kunsthandel P. de Boer, Amsterdam
Firm founded in 1924 by Pieter de Boer (b. 1894). Specializes in Old Master paintings, especially Dutch and Flemish. Branches in Hamburg, Berlin, Düsseldorf, and Frankfurt.

• Gallery maintains records.
• GRI: Photographs and auction catalogue clippings integrated into Photo Study Collection.

Kunsthandlung Julius Böhler, Munich
Founded in 1880 in Munich by Julius Böhler and expanded by the next generation, who opened branches in New York, Switzerland, and Berlin [see Böhler and Steinmeyer]. During the 1930s the directorship of the firm was taken over by Julius Harry Böhler, who often traveled to New York with Fritz Steinmeyer. The firm dealt primarily in paintings but also sculpture and drawings from the late Middle Ages through the 18th century. Böhler was closely associated with Kleinberger Galleries, both in Paris and New York. Kleinberger may have taken over Böhler and Steinmeyer in New York during WWII.

• Gallery maintains records.
• GRI/PI: Copy of prewar stock cards
• Ringling Museum, Sarasota: Ms. written by Julius Böhler post-1945

Böhler and Steinmeyer, Lucerne and New York
Established in Lucerne 1920, and slightly later in New York, by Julius Böhler and Fritz Steinmeyer, who operated out of Lucerne. Böhler often exported paintings via Switzerland rather than Germany to the United States and elsewhere. In 1954, the firm operated under the name Lucerne Fine Art Company, Ltd. It closed following the death of Julius Wilhelm Böhler in 1966, but the firm continued in a very diminished form under the name Kunsthandel AG through at least the late 1980s.

• According to Julius Böhler (c. 1988), he does not have any specific records of the firm.

J. H. de Bois, Haarlem
Beginning in 1878 as a dealer of modern prints, in 1898 he began working with E. J. van Wisselingh, later with C. M. van Gogh, finally establishing himself as an independent dealer.

• RKD: Carbon copies of letters sent, 1903–40, nine scrapbooks, 1906–7, 1922–40, and an envelope of newspaper clippings.

John Bolles Gallery, San Francisco
Established in 1958 by John Bolles, Chariman of the Board of the San Francisco Art Institute, the gallery specialized in art of the San Francisco Bay Area. Closed in 1975.

• AAA: Records, 1958–75 (correspondence; printed material and business papers; financial records, 1958-59; two scrapbooks of newspaper articles, 1961–65).

Galerie Bonnier, Lausanne and Geneva
Founded 1961 in Lausanne, Switzerland, by Jan Runnqvist, son of Harry Runnqvist (partner in Svensk-Franska), the firm moved to Geneva in 1969. After 1964 Jan Runnqvist ran both Bonnier and Svensk Franska until the death of his father in 1973, when he closed Svensk-Franska and moved all business records to Geneva.

• GRI: Complete records, including stock book devoted to transactions with Kahnweiler.

Grace Borgenicht Gallery, New York
Operated by Grace Borgenicht Brandt, formerly co-director of Laurel Gallery, 1946–52, the gallery specialized in 20th-century American paintings and sculpture. Closed 1996.

• AAA: Records, 1955–62

Boussod, Valadon & Cie, Paris
Founded in 1884 by Léon Boussod (1826–1896) and his son-in-law René Valadon (1848–1921) with the backing of Adolphe Goupil and his son Albert, the firm was the successor to Goupil and known familiarly by that name after Adolphe Goupil's retirement in 1886. Boussod brought his own sons and another son-in-law into the business. After the death of Léon Boussod, Valadon became director. The firm continued the interests and practices of Goupil, dealing in the sale of prints, especially those after popular contemporary Salon artists. The London branch of the firm, known as Goupil Gallery, was directed 1878–96 by David Croal Thomson. The Paris office specialized in the work of the Impressionists, under the influence of Theo van Gogh, who joined the firm in 1878.

• GRI [Dieterle]: Papers

Van Bovenkamp Gallery, New York
From 1963–65 the gallery was operated by Hans and Gerrit Van De Bovenkamp. It was later taken over by Sandra Zimmerman.

• AAA: Records, 1961–65 (84 letters mainly inquiring about sculpture by Gerrit and Hans Van De Bovenkamp; exhibition catalogues and announcements; clippings; press releases; photographs, mostly of works of art; and miscellaneous papers).

Bernard Braddon and Sidney Paul Schectman
Operated Mercury Galleries in New York, in existence from 1937 to 1940. Held sixth show of The Ten, called the Whitney Dissenters.

• AAA: Interview Oct. 9, 1981, conducted for the Archives of American Art's "Mark Rothko and His Times" oral history project.

Dewey C. Bradford (b. 1896), Austin, Tex.
Art dealer.

• AAA: Papers, 1925–80 (scrapbook containing biographical information, a history of Bradford's gallery, The Country Store, and photos, mostly of artwork by Porfirio Salinas; financial records of The Country Store; artists' files; correspondence, and publicity material).

Brame et Lorenceau, Paris
Paris art dealers specializing in 19th- and 20th-century paintings, drawings, and sculpture, they were closely associated in their early years with the Manet family.

• Gallery maintains full records.
• GRI: Entry book and stockbooks, 1887–1936. Microfilm of records in possession of the firm. Notebooks contain records of paintings received, paintings sold, purchasers, prices and titles.

Grace Borgenicht Brandt, New York
Dealer/collector.

• AAA: Interview, Jan. 10, 1963. Brandt speaks of the beginnings of the Grace Borgenicht Gallery, her development as a dealer. She recalls the artists Leonard Baskin, Jose de Rivera, Jimmy Ernst, and Wolf Kahn.

Grace Borgenicht Brandt Gallery, New York
Art gallery

• AAA: 72 letters from artists Leonard Baskin, Edward Corbett, Sidney Gordin, Wolf Kahn, and Elbert Weinberg to gallery director Grace Borgenicht (Grace Borgenicht Brandt), regarding their work, work in progress, travels, exhibition plans, and other activities. Also included are Brandt's resume and photograph. Correspondence, artists' files, and exhibition catalogues. [See also Grace Borgenicht Brandt interview]

Georges Braque
Artist.

• Galerie Louise Leiris: Papers

Braunstein/Quay Gallery, San Francisco
Ruth Braunstein founded the 32 Main St. Gallery, Tiburon, Calif., in 1961, changing its name to Quay Gallery the same year. In 1965, it moved to San Francisco. In 1975 Braunstein opened the Quay Ceramics Gallery next door, with her partners Rena Bransten and Sylvia Brown. Also operated under the names Ruth Braunstein's Quay Gallery, Braunstein Gallery, Quay Ceramics Gallery and Braunstein/Quay Gallery in the 1980s.

• AAA: Records, 1961–97 (correspondence, artists' files, printed and financial material, and miscellany covering the Braunstein/Quay Gallery and its earlier-named galleries).

Margaret Brown Gallery, Boston

• AAA: Records, 1945–58 (correspondence; financial records; inventories; and customer lists; photograph files, 1921-57 & undated, containing 618 photos of the works of 61 artists).

Buchholz Gallery, New York
Founded by Curt Valentin on W. 46th Street in 1937. Two years later it moved to 57th Street. Between 1934 and 1937, Valentin had run his own gallery in the art department of Buchhandlung Buchholz, Berlin. Buchholz Gallery, New York, was renamed Curt Valentin Gallery in 1951 and operated until Valentin's death in 1955.

• MOMA: Gallery papers 1937–1955
• ZADIK: Papers [See also Curt Valentin]

Frans Buffa & Zonen, Amsterdam
Art dealer, 1922–40.

• RKD: Twelve albums with clippings and invitations; collection of photocopies of letters from artists (originals in Canada).

Hermann Bünemann

• GRI: Letters received from artists, art historians and dealers, 1928–68. Seven letters from Elisabeth Erdmann-Macke, August Macke's wife, 1939–68, who discuses various paintings by Macke and Franz Marc and reports on exhibitions and her autobiography.

Byron Gallery, New York
Established by Charles Byron (b. 1918) gallery; primarily showed Surrealist and up-and-coming contemporary artists, as well as an occasional Old Masters exhibit.

• AAA: Records 1960–71 (artist and subject files; complete documentary records of each Byron Gallery show; sales ledger and sales cards).

Galerie Cailleux, Paris
Dealer in Old Master and 18th-century paintings and drawings.

• Gallery maintains records.

California Art Club, Los Angeles
Organized in 1909 from the Painters' Club, became the largest and most influential Los Angeles art organization during the early 20th century. The Club's primary purpose was to hold exhibitions for the sale of members' works.

• AAA: California Art Club guest register and scrapbooks, 1927–61.

Robert B. Campbell (1909–74)
Director of Shore Galleries, Boston. Specialized in American paintings.

• AAA: Personal and gallery correspondence; and photographs, 1918–73. Letters about Winslow Homer from Lloyd Goodrich and Charles L. Homer, and copies of Winslow Homer's letters to Louis Prang; papers relating to paintings by Feke, Copley, and Stuart; correspondence of the Shore Galleries; and photographs of paintings.

Candy Store Gallery, Folsom, Calif.
Art gallery, exhibited Robert Arneson, Clayton Bailey, Royd De Forest, David Gilhooly, Irving Marcus, Gladys Nilsson, James Nutt, Maija Woof Peeples, Sandy Shannonhouse, Chris Unterseher, Peter Vandenberge, and others.

• AAA: Exhibition announcements, (undated) and 1873–1982.

Helen L. Card Gallery, New York

• AAA: Exhibition catalogues, 1962–64: "Gentlemen What'll You Have?"; "Hang on Fellers! We're out on a Limb"; and "To the True American Spirit."

Carlen Galleries, Philadelphia
Established in 1937 by dealer and appraiser Robert Carlen (1906–90), the gallery specialized in American folk, primitive, and decorative art. Also sold African, European, and Oriental art. Carlen worked with Alfred Frankenstein on William Harnett, with Mary Black on a variety of projects. He uncovered many paintings by Edward Hicks and was also Horace Pippin's dealer.

• AAA: Records, 1906–86 (letters, 1933–86; business records, 1937–80; writings, undated; subject files, 1937–80; scrapbook, 1937–80; printed material, 1937–47; and photographs, undated, concerning the operation and activities of Carlen Galleries, Inc., and its founder Robert Carlen). Robert Carlen interview June 28–July 16, 1985.

Carlin Galleries, Fort Worth, Tex.
Originally named the Gallery of Wonderful Things, 1957–60.

• AAA: Records, 1942–79: artists' files and 12 scrapbooks.

Galerie Louis Carré & Cie, Paris
Modern and contemporary art.

• Arch. N., Paris, series AP389: Personal correspondence, 1942–46; professional correspondence, 1933–45; exhibition catalogues, 1932–66.

Cassirer Galerie, Berlin, Amsterdam
In 1898 Paul Cassirer (1871–1926) and his cousin Bruno Cassirer (1872–1941) established themselves as publishers and art dealers. In 1901 the cousins separated—Paul continued as an art dealer and Bruno took over as publisher—agreeing not to compete directly for seven years. In 1908, Paul founded Verlag Paul Cassirer. Cassirer was president of the Berlin Secession and in 1913 founded the Freie Sezession. His friendship with Paul Durand-Ruel, whom he met before WWI, involved him in the promotion of the Impressionsists, as well as of Wilhelm Tübner, Max Liebermann, Lovis Corinth, and others. After WWI, he lived in Berne and Zurich. He died in 1926. His gallery and publishing firm continued to operate until 1933. Walter Feilchenfeldt, Sr., and Grete Ring ran his art-dealing businesses in Amsterdam, Zurich, and London. The Berlin gallery closed in 1935 and Paul Cassirer, Amsterdam, continued under the direction of Feilchenfeldt until 1939, when Feilchenfeldt moved to Switzerland and opened a gallery under his own name.

• Feilchenfeldt Gallery, Zurich: Gallery records.
• Green Library, Stanford University: Records of publishing business.

Castano Galleries, Boston
Established in 1931 by Giovanni Castano (aka John Castano). Specializing in European and American paintings. Castano acted as an agent for Wildenstein and Co. and restored paintings.

• AAA: Gallery records and some personal papers of Giovanni Castano, 1907–83 (correspondence, legal material, subject files, notes, writings, financial material, photographs, a scrapbook, and printed material).

Leo Castelli Gallery
Contemporary paintings, drawings, and sculpture. Leo Castelli lived and operated a gallery in Paris from 1939 to 1941, when he immigrated to New York. Castelli dealt privately before opening his New York gallery in 1958. [See also Ivan C. Karp]

• AAA: Records, c. 1880–2000 (bulk 1957–99
• MOMA: Oral history
• ZADIK: Papers

Challis Galleries, Laguna Beach, Calif.
The gallery was operated by Richard Challis from 1947 to 1980 and showed local and regional artists.

• AAA: Records 1947–80. Mainly artists' files and sales records.

Chapellier Galleries, Brussels, London, and New York
Established in Brussels and London in 1916, and in New York in 1923. Primarily collected important American paintings 1840–1940.

• AAA: Collection of artists' papers, 1816–1972.

Galerie Charpentier, Paris
Auction house/dealer.

• Pompidou/doc: Exhibition correspondence, 1941–61.

Frank Swift Chase (1886–1958)
Landscape painter. Chase lived and worked in Woodstock, N.Y., and Nantucket, Mass., teaching and exhibiting frequently in both places.

• AAA: Correspondence, printed material, and photographs documenting Chase's career and the art market of the 1920s.

John Clancy (d. 1981)
Director, F[rank] K. .M. Rehn, Inc., art gallery, New York.

• AAA: Interview of John Clancy. He speaks of Frank K. M. Rehn and the beginnings of the Rehn Gallery; his own background; joining the gallery; artists associated with the gallery; the effect of the Depression; how artists and works of art were selected; the gallery's success and future.
• AAA: A letter concerning a painting George Luks sent to Clancy and some watercolors on which he intended to work. (The microfilm title is George Luks papers.) [See also Rehn Gallery]

Clayton-Liberatore Gallery, Bridgehampton, N.Y.
Formerly Leonard Clayton Gallery, New York, founded by Leonard Clayton when he took over the Marie Sterner Gallery. Later he established the Clayton-Liberatore Gallery with his niece Mary C. Liberatore.

• AAA: Records and papers, 1899–1977 (correspondence, receipts, price lists, clippings, and photographs; artist files; an account book; 11 pamphlets listing prints; three handbooks of miscellaneous exhibition announcements and catalogues, some annotated; 15 files on Childe Hassam [bills of sale, correspondence, priced exhibition lists, photographs]; 19 files on the Marie Sterner Gallery).

Clossons, Cincinnati
Dealers of paintings and decorative arts, 1866–2010.

• No early files.

Sylvan Cole (b. 1918)
New York art dealer and writer. Began working for Associated American Artists in 1946.

• AAA: Interviews of Sylvan Cole conducted in five sessions, June–October 2000, New York.

P. & D. Colnaghi, London and New York
Established in 1760 by Paul Colnaghi. Dealer in Old Master and English paintings and drawings; played an important role in the formation of many of the major collections in the United States at the end of the 19th century. Otto Gutekunst, who joined the firm at that time, worked with Bernard Berenson to guide Isabella Stewart Gardner, among others. Colnaghi formed a syndicate in 1930 to purchase many of the masterpieces sold by the Soviet government.

• Gallery maintains historic archives: Correspondence, 1889–1947; account books, 1911–73; drawings stock books, 1911–c. 1975 and then 1982 to present; prints stock book, 1911–c. 1969; paintings stock books, from 1911 (notable large gaps in records); client records, 1920–c. 1960; exhibition catalogues 1895–present.

Connoisseur, Inc., New York
Established in 1935 by Ruth Teschner Constantino. The gallery was a continuation uptown of Teschner Gallery, which she had opened in 1912. Connoisseur dealt in painting, sculpture, antique furniture, etc. It closed in 1981 after the death of Mrs. Constantino.

• AAA: Financial records, 1949–69, including sales records (mostly of concerning antiques), cost and stock inventories, 1963–69, and price tags from individual items sold. [See also Ruth Teschner Constantino]

Ruth Teschner Constantino (1892–1981)
Art dealer; opened the Ruth Teschner Gallery in 1912. In 1935 she established another gallery, Connoisseur Inc., which closed after her death. A dealer in painting, sculpture, and antiques, she advised such collectors as Walter C. Baker, Stavros Niarchos, Henry Ford, Robert Lehman, and Ailsa Mellon Bruce.

• AAA: Papers, 1923–81 (correspondence; account book, invoices, and receipts; clippings, programs, and brochures, 1923–71; passports; an autobiography; etc. [See also Connoisseur Inc.]

Sandrini Contini-Bonacosi (1878–1955)
Dealer/collector. Established as a dealer in Rome c. 1919; c. 1931–33 he moved to Florence, where he lived in the villa Pratello Orsini. He was closely involved with the formation of the collections of Felix Warburg and Samuel Kress between 1930 and 1955. His own private collection was given to the Uffizi in 1969.

• Vanderbilt: Photograph archive.

Douglas Cooper (1911–85)
British, art critic, curator, and collector, notably of early Cubist paintings; curator of Mayor Gallery, London, c. 1933–38.

• GRI: Papers c. 1933–85 (Series I: Correspondence; Series II: Manuscripts; Series III: Records of the Mayor Gallery, London; Series IV: Papers relating to Nazi art collections; Series V: Exhibitions; Series VI: Photographs, slides and transparencies; Series VII: Personal and Printed Matter; Series VIII: Audio tapes and film; Series IX: Toys. Comprehensive photograph documentation of the work of Gris and Braque, as well as of Cooper's art collection and research).

William Nelson Copley (1919–96)
Owner of the Copley Galleries, Beverly Hills, which operated 1948-49, exhibiting work of the Surrealists.

• AAA: Papers and gallery records, including scrapbooks, photographs, writings, announcements and catalogues. Scrapbook 1953–67 (three vols.) includes Copley's newspaper column, magazine clippings relating to his work and exhibits; and exhibition catalogues.

Copley Gallery, Boston
Operated by Frank W. Bayley. Exhibited work of early American artists John Singleton Copley, Charles Wilson Peale, Gilbert Stuart, and others.

• AAA: Artists' files 1927–32, compiled by Frank W. Bayley, director of the gallery, on John Singleton Copley, Charles Willson Peale, Gilbert Stuart, and others; and miscellaneous notes.

Covo de Iongh Gallery, Houston
Established in 1975 by Patricia Covo Johnson, the gallery represented contemporary American artists.

• AAA: Scrapbook, 1975–78, containing clippings, exhibition announcements and catalogues, and letters regarding exhibitions by artists.

G. Cramer, Oude Kunst Gallery, The Hague
Old Master paintings. Established in Berlin in 1889, the directorship was taken over by Gustav Cramer, the son of the founder, in 1914 and run by him until 1935. Because he was married to a Jew, Gustav was forced by Nazi race laws to cede legal ownership of the gallery to his son Hans. The Cramers moved to The Hague in 1938 to escape persecution by the Nazis. Records include correspondence with major collectors in the United States and Europe, including Germans during WWII. Hans Cramer was a major figure in the Dutch art trade until the end of the century.

• GRI: Records, mid 1930s through 2000. Comprehensive reciprocal correspondence, as well as records regarding the acquisition, shipment, conservation, and sale of paintings. Five hundred glass plates, commission stock books, and Cramer gallery catalogues. Full documentation of the firm's activities during the war years, including reciprocal correspondence and receipts regarding dealings with the Nazis. Significant correspondence about restitution. One stock book from 1901.

Paul Cummings
Art historian, specializing in contemporary American art. He was an expert on Mark Tobey.

• Achim Moeller F.A., New York: Papers related to his research on Mark Tobey.

Cushing Galleries, Dallas

• AAA: Records, 1966–79 and a history of the Cushing Galleries.

Daber Gallery

• Blondeau Gallery, Paris: Records

David Gallery, Houston
Established by Dianne David. Artists include: William C. Agee, Jack Boynton, Bob Camblin, Roy Fridge, James Kearns, Seymour Leichman, Jim Love, David McManaway, Robert Morris, Futzie Nutzle, Peter Paone, Mike Selig, and Don Shaw.

• AAA: Records, 1963–82

Peter H. Davidson & Co., Inc.

• FARL: Papers

Delahunty Gallery, Dallas
Preceded by Smither Gallery and Cranfill Gallery.

• AAA: Records, 1967–80 (artists' files; and inventory lists, financial records, and mailing lists).

Galerie Van Diemen, Berlin, Düsseldorf, Amsterdam, New York
Dr. Eduard Plietzsch (1886–1961) and Kurt Benedikt, were co-directors of the Berlin gallery, establishing a branch in the Hague in about 1920 and Amsterdam and New York about 10 years later. The Berlin gallery was liquidated through two sales held by Graupe on Jan. 25 and April 26, 1935. At about that time the gallery became associated with Lilienfeld Galleries [Dr. Karl Lilienfeld (b. 1885)], New York, being known from the mid-1930s to the early '60s as Van Diemen-Lilienfeld Gallery. Kurt Benedikt was associated with Van Diemen-Margraf, Paris and Berlin, c. 1930.

• RKD: 1922–33, six photo albums of the Berlin gallery. [See also Lilienfeld]

Dieterle family, Paris
Dealers who built a business around their Corot expertise.

• GRI: Collection of records of French art galleries, 1846–1986. Papers include records of Goupil & Cie, Boussod, Valadon & Co, Tedesco Frères, Arnold et Tripp, etc. See individual listings herein.

Dilexi Gallery, San Francisco and Los Angeles
Established in San Francisco in 1958. In 1962 James Newman and Rolf Nelson opened a branch of the gallery in Los Angeles. The gallery in Los Angeles closed within a year and the gallery in San Francisco closed in 1970.

• AAA: Records, 1957–71

Terry Dintenfass (b. 1920)
New York art dealer specializing in American art, early 20th century.

• AAA: Records 1970–83 (artist files; financial records, 1962–83; exhibition files, 1970–78; administrative records, 1974–70, including insurance, inventory, advertising, and Art Dealers Association material).

Doll & Richards, Boston
Established in 1866 as Hendrickson, Doll & Richards, under which name it operated until Hendrickson's retirement in 1870. Incorporated in 1902, the gallery maintained the name Doll & Richards until the death of J. Dudley Richards in 1922. Arthur McKean purchased the gallery in 1941 and sold it to Maurice Goldberg in 1962. In 1973 the gallery was sold to Jeanne and Paul Sylva. Specialized in American painting.

• AAA: Records, 1863-1973. bulk 1902–73 (an outline of the history of the firm; reminiscences by long-time employee Wendell Zoehler; correspondence; letterpress books, 1930–67; photographs; exhibition announcements and catalogues; card files; business records, 1871–1973, including customer account files, invoice and sales account books, cash books, stock inventories, ledgers, etc.). [See also Wendell Zoehler]

Robert Langton Douglas
English scholar/dealer; affiliated with Duveen. His widow, Jean, later married Edward Fowles, last owner/director of Duveen's.

• MMA/EP: Stock books (two volumes indexed by artist): vol. 1, 1925–39 (paintings, some drawings and bronzes); vol. 2, 1929–34 (paintings, some drawings and bronzes, but less informative). [See also Duveen]

Douwes, Amsterdam and London
Gallery specializing in Old Master paintings and drawings.

• Gallery maintains archive.
• GRI: Photo archive integrated with photo study collection.

Downtown Gallery, New York
Established in 1926 by Edith Gregor Halpert and Berthe Kroll Goldsmith as Our Gallery; name changed to Downtown Gallery in 1927. Specialized in contemporary American art and folk art. In 1930 and 1931, respectively, Daylight Gallery and American Folk Art Gallery opened as subsidiaries of the Downtown Gallery. In 1935 Halpert became the sole proprietor of the business, which she operated until her death in 1970. Following her death, her niece Nathaly Baum operated the gallery until it closed in 1973.

• AAA: Records, 1902–72 (correspondence, artists' files, notebooks, business records, writings, miscellaneous records, printed matter, and photographs; some of Halpert's personal papers are intermingled with the gallery records).

Margaret Webb Dreyer (1911–76)
Painter and art dealer; Houston

• AAA: Papers, c. 1948–79 (biographical information; correspondence; printed materials, including clippings, exhibition catalogues and announcements, articles in the Houston Review by Martin Dreyer, "The Way We Were: Houston's Culture in the 1940's" and "Portrait of a Houston Artist: An Interview with Margaret Webb Dreyer"; Dreyer Galleries file, 1962–75; and personal photographs).

Nancy Drysdale Gallery, Washington, D.C.
When Max Protech moved to New York in 1976, his gallery at 2151 P St., Washington, D.C., became the Protech-McIntosh Gallery under his successor, Cincinnati dealer, Nancy McIntosh Drysdale. She then moved the gallery to 406 7th St., and changed the name to the McIntosh/Drysdale Gallery. Several years later, Drysdale vacated the 7th Street address and operated as a private dealer. The Nancy Drysdale Gallery at 2103 O St. N.W. opened in 1991.

• AAA: Records, 1971–96 (files on artists, group exhibitions, and fine art publishers).

Dubose Gallery, Houston
Formerly known as the James Bute Gallery.

• AAA: Artists' files, 1950–79 (press releases, biographical material, catalogues, invitations, announcements, correspondence, clippings, and photographs; also catalogues from the James Bute Gallery).

Jean Dubuffet (1901–85)
French painter, lithographer, sculptor, architect, and author.

• GRI: Correspondence and papers, 1944–84. Most letters are addressed to his friends and collaborators. Two other groups comprise correspondence with publishers Alecto (London) and Ditis (Paris). Dealers Drouin, Jacques Ulmann, and Pierre Matisse represented his work.

Duits Ltd., London
Art gallery dealing in Old Master paintings. Established in 1836 as a general dealer in art and antiques in Dordrecht, the firm moved to Amsterdam in 1875. In 1920 Charles Duits opened a gallery in London; he was joined by his brother William Henry, his son Clifford, and grandson Graham. The London gallery, often in association with the Amsterdam gallery, concentrated on the sale of works by the Old Masters, especially Dutch and Flemish painters. The Amsterdam gallery closed in 1938; the London gallery in 1985.

• GRI: Accounting records, 1924–71; stock and sales records, 1920–78; miscellaneous records, c. 1940–79; Charles E. Duits collection, c. 1955–77. Photographs incorporated in GRI Photo Study Collection.

Durand-Ruel, Paris
French family of dealers. Paul Durand-Ruel (1831–1922) was one of the most influential forces behind the promotion and sale of 19th-century French painting, especially the Barbizon and Impressionist painters, for which he developed a market among wealthy American collectors. Gallery closed in 1974 but research in the archives continues.

• Firm maintains extensive archives and will search archives for a fee.

Durlacher Brothers, London
Durlacher Brothers was founded in 1843 by Henry and George Durlacher. The New York branch opened in the early 1920s and was managed by R. Kirk Askew. Askew purchased Durlacher Brothers in 1937; a year later the eldest surviving original partner retired. Askew ran the business from New York until c. 1969.

• George Durlacher destroyed the records of the original London firm when he sold the business to Askew in 1937.
• GRI: Records from New York branch, c. 1919–73. Stock books, correspondence, financial records, photographs, exhibition records, Askew's appointment books, an index card file, and newspaper clippings about the gallery, personal letters addressed to Askew and his wife Constance, mostly from family members, and some financial items. [See also R. Kirk Askew; Robert Isaacson Gallery]

Duveen Brothers, London, Paris, New York
Founded by Henry Duveen (1854–1919) and his brother Sir Joseph Duveen (1869–1939; president 1901–39), and assisted by art experts, most notably Bernard Berenson (1865–1959). Joseph Duveen was instrumental in the formation of the late 19th- to early 20th-century collections that became the core of the Frick Collection, the Huntington Art Collections, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, and the National Gallery of Art. In 1964, Edward Fowles, the last president of Duveen Brothers, sold the business to Los Angeles businessman and collector, Norton Simon. Simon bought the 79th Street mansion and all the remaining stock. Edward Fowles left the firm's records and papers to MMA/EP but restricted access for 20 years. Subsequently given by MMA/EP to the GRI, which is preparing microfilm copies of the records, a copy of which will be sent to MMA.

• GRI: Records, 1876–1981, bulk 1909–1939 (business records, 1876–1964 [boxes 1-221]; papers and correspondence, 1901–81 [boxes 222-545]; photographs, indices, negatives and X-rays [boxes 546-585]).
• MMA/EP: "X Book" (Berenson transactions) is the only unique Duveen document not transferred to the GRI. It has not yet been photocopied. The "X Book" details, for a limited number (about 250) of Italian paintings in which Berenson had a financial interest, precise dates of purchase and sale, primarily in the years 1910–27. There is no index.

D. W. Gallery, Dallas

• AAA: Business correspondence, 1977–80; clippings; exhibition announcements; a scrapbook containing clippings; exhibition announcements; catalogues; invitations and photographs; price lists of works of art; and miscellany.

Dwan Gallery, Los Angeles and New York
Owned and operated by Virginia Dwan. Major gallery and leading force of the 1960s. The gallery commissioned and exhibited many post-minimalist, earthwork, and conceptual artists, including Robert Smithson, Michael Heizer, and Dennis Oppenheim.

• AAA: Records document exhibitions held at the Dwan Gallery in Los Angeles (1959–67) and New York (1965–71). Included are photographs, slides, and color transparencies of installations; clippings; announcements, and lists of works in each exhibition.

East Side Gallery, New York
Established by Mark Freeman.

• AAA: Records, 1961–70. Correspondence of director Mark Freeman; exhibition catalogues, announcements, clippings, press releases, and other printed material; and photographs.

Galerie de l'Effort Moderne, Paris
Opened in 1918 by Léonce Rosenberg with an ambitious series of exhibitions demonstrating the modern style. Between 1924 and 1927 Rosenberg published 40 issues of the Bulletin de l'Effort Moderne. [See also Léonce Rosenberg]

• Pompidou/doc: Records, 1918–41
• Service Photo: Photographic records
• MOMA: Letters from artists, 1918–1932

Eggleston Galleries, New York

• AAA: Records, c. 1947–65

Everett Ellin Gallery, Los Angeles
Owned by Everett Ellin. Represented sculptor David Smith in California.

• AAA: Records relating to Smith, 1960–63, including correspondence, consignment records, and statements of accounts.

André Emmerich Gallery, New York/Galerie André Emmerich, Zurich
Modern and pre-Columbian art.

• AAA: Records, c. 1954–98. Inventory card file, photographic materials, correspondence files, publicity files, financial records, and guest books. Correspondence, c. 1962–68; includes files from André Emmerich Gallery, Zurich. Interview with André Emmerich, Jan. 18, 1993

Galeria Escondida, Taos, N.Mex.
Established by Eulalia Emetaz, the gallery operated from 1946 to 1960 on Ledoux Street on the historic plaza. One of the first postwar galleries outside New York to feature modernist art.

• AAA: Records, 1947–57 (gallery correspondence, artists' biographies, price lists, receipts, artists' statements, press releases, and notes).

De la Faille
Van Gogh scholar.

• RKD: Papers [See also J. G. van Gelder]

Linda Farris Gallery, Seattle
Established in 1970 in Bellevue, Wash., the gallery moved the following year to Seattle; it closed in December 1995. Considered Seattle's avant-garde gallery, it represented, among others, Jeffrey Bishop, Dennis Evans, Sherry Markowitz, Nancy Mee, Norie Sato, and Patti Warashina.

• AAA: Records, 1970–95 (correspondence, artists' files, exhibition files, and printed material).

Margo Feiden Galleries, New York
Represented graphic artists and caricaturist Al Hirschfeld.

• AAA: Printed material regarding Al Hirschfeld, c. 1935–1983.

Walter Feilchenfeldt, Zurich
Scholar and dealer of 19th- and 20th-century drawings and paintings. Walter Fielchenfeldt, Sr., was a scholar of Cezanne. He worked with Cassirer from c. 1919 until the latter's death in 1926. Feilchenfeldt ran Paul Cassirer, Berlin, until 1935 and Paul Cassirer, Amsterdam, until 1939. After 1946 he established a gallery in Zurich under his own name.

• Gallery maintains both historic records of Cassirer Gallery, Berlin, and Feichenfeldt Gallery.

Lyonel Feininger (1871–1956)
American painter, printmaker, illustrator, particularly of landscapes, he spent his early career in Europe, where he was associated with the Bauhaus. In 1925 he formed the Blue Four with Alexi Jawlenski, Paul Klee, and Vasily Kandinsky. In 1937 Feininger returned to the United States and taught at Mills College and late in his career joined former Bauhaus colleague Josef Albers at Black Mountain College.

• Achim Moeller F.A., New York: Personal and professional archive.

Fendrick Gallery, Washington, D.C.
Owned by Barbara Fendrick.

• AAA: Records, [c. 1960] –95 (business correspondence; artists' files; photographs of works of art; financial records; exhibition catalogues and announcements; magazine and newspaper clippings; Fendrick Gallery newsletters; and miscellany).

Ferargil Galleries, New York
Established by Frederic Newlin Price in 1915. Closed in 1955. The gallery dealt primarily in America art.

• AAA: Gallery records, 1900–63, including correspondence, photographs, exhibition catalogues, artworks, inventories, financial materials, and printed materials.

Fifth Avenue Gallery, Fort Worth, Tex.
Established in 1960 by Pauline Evans and Bror Utter, it was the first Fort Worth gallery to represent primarily local artists. Closed in 1966.

• AAA: Fifteen photographs of the Fifth Avenue Gallery taken in 1962 by Clarence John Laughlin; exhibition announcements.

Fischbach Gallery, New York
Operated by Aladar Marberger, the gallery was established c. 1954. During the 1960s, it specialized in minimalist painters, refocusing on painterly realists during the 1970s.

• AAA: Records, 1954–77: artist files; correspondence; financial records.

Fitzgerald Gallery, New York
Owned by Edward Fitzgerald, from 1960 to 1965 the gallery was located at 19 E. 7th St. In December 1965 it moved to Madison Avenue.

• AAA: Records, 1960–66 (minutes of meetings; reorganization agreement (1962); artists' files; guest books; a gallery scrapbook; priced exhibition lists and catalogues; photographs and slides; and extensive correspondence).

Galerie Flechtheim, Berlin
Originally established in Dusseldorf in 1913 by Alfred Flechtheim, the gallery eventually had galleries in Berlin, Cologne, and Frankfurt. Flechtheim Gallery represented German artists, including George Grosz, but specialized in paintings by contemporary French painters. Curt Valentin worked for Flechtheim in Berlin after 1927, organizing exhibitions and co-editing the gallery's magazine, Omnibus. [See also Alfred Flechtheim; Curt Valentin]

• AAA: 101 catalogs of exhibitions organized by Valentin at Galerie Alfred Flechtheim in Berlin, 1929, and at Buchholz Gallery in New York City, 1937-1948. Also found is one undated Christmas card

Alfred Flechtheim, Berlin, Düsseldorf, Cologne, and Frankfurt
Dealer of modern French art. Flectheim closed his galleries in Düsseldorf and Berlin in November 1933 and moved first to Paris and then to London, where he died in 1937. Flechtheim was closely associated with Kahnweiler and the Mayor Gallery and apparently sent much of the stock from his gallery and many items from his important personal collection either to the Mayor Gallery in London or to Kahnweiler's Galerie Simon in Paris. At his death, Flechtheim left his gallery records and personal library (now destroyed) with Fred Mayor, founder of Mayor Gallery.

• ZADIK: Papers [See also Galerie Flechtheim]

Marcel Fleiss
Art dealer specializing in works by the Dadaists.

• GRI: Letters to Fleiss, 1969–71, from Serge Charchoune, André Dunoyer de Segonzac, Leonor Fini, Félix Labisse, E. L. T. (Edouard Léon Théodore), Mesens, Roland Penrose, Georges Ribemont-Dessaignes, and Christian Schad.

Focus Gallery, San Francisco
Established in 1966 by Helen Johnston, the gallery was located on Union Street and exhibited American and international photographers. The gallery closed in 1985.

• AAA: Records, 1966–87 (exhibition files and administrative records, including scattered records of Johnston's bookshop).

Brinsley Ford

• GRI: Papers, c. 1920–49, relating to Richard Wilson (1713–82). Notebooks containing a transcription of "Anecdotes of Richard Wilson and catalogue of his pictures" by Benjamin Booth, with comments by Richard Ford and additions by Douglas Cooper. Includes a transcription by Brinsley Ford of Benjamin Booth's notes on the Wilson collection, with additions by Douglas Cooper; two letters to Richard Ford; and clippings relating to exhibitions, 1888–1920.

Forum Gallery, New York
Art gallery, directed by Bella Fishko (d. 1995) and, after her death, by her son, Robert Fishko. Specialized in 20th-century American painting and sculpture.

• AAA: Records, 1961–90 (artist files; administrative correspondence; appraisals; financial records; catalogues; and photographs).

Foundry Maison-Leblanc-Barbidienne

• Centre d’accueil et de recherche des Archives nationales, Paris: Papers (contracts between artists and the Foundry; account books, 1912–55).

Edward Fowles (1885?–1971)
Fowles directed the Paris branch of Duveen Brothers from 1917 to 1938, then purchased the firm in 1939. In 1964, he sold the firm to the Norton Simon Foundation. His widow, Jean Fowles (widow of Robert Langton Douglas), gave the files of Duveen Brothers to MMA/EP. The files are now at GRI.

• GRI [Duveen]: Papers, 1917–81
• AAA: Interview, Aug. 21, 1959 [See also Duveen]

Emily A. Francis (1879–1966)
Founder and director of Contemporary Arts, New York.

• AAA: Papers, 1930–64 (records of Contemporary Arts and related gallery, collectors of American Art).

Galerie Günther Franke, Munich
Franke (1900–76) worked with I. B. Neumann in Berlin 1918–23. In 1923 Neumann opened the Munich branch of his gallery and left for New York, leaving Franke in charge of the Munich gallery and Karl Nierendorf in charge of the Berlin gallery. The Munich gallery operated under the name of Neumann and Franke until c. 1937, when it became known as the Galerie Günther Franke. Franke specialized in the German Expressionists, hiding their works during the Nazi era.

• GRI: Stock book (includes prices), November 1976 (year of Franke's death).
• ZADIK: Papers

French and Co., New York
New York art gallery specializing in the decorative arts; founded in 1907 by Mitchell Samuels. Chief purchaser for William Randolph Hearst and J. Paul Getty., and agents for the Huntingtons, Fricks, Mellons, and Astors. Following the death of Mitchell Samuels in 1959, his son, Spencer Samuels, sold the company to City Investing, which sold the firm to Martin Zimet in 1968. The bulk of the firm's paper records were lost in a flood.

• GRI: Stock sheets and ledgers, 1909–68. Miscellaneous records, 1923–90 (bulk 1950–1969). Business records and files: financial records; business correspondence and notes. Photographic archive is integrated into the core collections of the GRI Photo Study Collection.

Robert Fridenberg Gallery, New York

• AAA: Records, 1921–43 (sales records, account books, photographs).

Rose Fried Gallery, New York
Established as the Pinacotheca Gallery in the 1940s by Rose Fried, the gallery was instrumental in introducing many abstract painters, including Mondrian and Kandinsky.

• AAA: Records, 1929–82 (correspondence, printed material, photographs, artist files).

Max Jacob Friedländer
German art historian and museum director, who immigrated to Amsterdam in 1939. A specialist in early Netherlandish and German art, he was often called upon by collectors, dealers, and museum personnel to give his opinion on works of art.

• RKD: Photographs, notes, and printed cards; letters addressed to Friedländer and from him.

Gabriel Frizeau
Bordeaux art collector who bought Gauguin's work from Vollard at the turn of the century. Frizeau was a passionate collector of paintings by Redon. He rarely left Bordeaux and depended on Paris agents; the painter, illustrator, and critic André Lhote; and the writer Ary Leblond (pseudonym of Aimé Merlo).

• GRI: 82 letters from André Lhote, 1908–29, and 86 letters from Ary Leblond, 1918–21

Diana Fuller Galleries, San Francisco
Diana Fuller operated the Fuller Goldeen Gallery (previously known as the Fuller Gross Gallery), the Hansen-Fuller Gallery, and the Hansen Fuller Goldeen Gallery.

• AAA: Records, 1965–90, of the various galleries operated by Diana Fuller.

Dr. Paul-Ferdinand Gachet (1828–1909), Paris
Medical doctor, collector/patron of Cezanne, Pissarro, van Gogh, and others.

• WI: Papers

Gallery 256, Provincetown, Mass.

• AAA: Records, 1953–55.

Gallery 1015, Wyncotte, Pa.
Established in 1958 by Gladys Myers, who ran it from her home. Closed in 1967.

• AAA: Records, 1958–72.

Gallery Wall, Scottsdale, Ariz., and Santa Fe, N.Mex.
Represented only the artists Allan Houser and Dan Namingha.

• AAA: Records, 1975–84.

Paul Ganz, New York
Dealer.

• According to Kate Ganz, Paul Ganz kept no records.

Elizabeth Gardner
Curator at the Metropolitan Museum, who worked with Federico Zeri on the Italian catalogues, focusing on provenance. Her ex-collection card files for works in the department, compiled between 1943 and 1985, contain a wealth of information on dealers and private collectors, with associated sales and bibliography. Available for consultation by appointment. Photocopies of the file are in GRI/PI.

• MMA/EP: Ex-collection card files for works in the MMA/EP.

Lee Gatch (1902–68)
Painter, New York.

• AAA: Papers (correspondence, notebooks, writings, photographs, catalogues and other publications).

Leonid (1883–1941) and Ethel Gechtoff
Leonid Gechtoff, a Russian landscape painter, emigrated to the United States. in 1922, settling in Philadelphia, where he remained until his death in 1941. His wife Ethel Gechtoff ran East & West Gallery in San Francisco, 1956–58.

• AAA: Letters received; Ethel Gechtoff personal papers and material concerning East & West Gallery in San Francisco, 1956–58 (leases, exhibition announcements, clippings, and a price list); photographs of Leonid Gechtoff and his work; a scrapbook, c. 1918–29.

Sidney Geist

• - AAA: Papers, 1938–94
• MOMA: Correspondence and research material collected about Constantin Brancusi, 1910–68.

J.[an] G.[errit] van Gelder (1903–80)
Dutch art historian, connoisseur, director of the RKD; director of the Gemeentemuseum, the Hague; and professor of art history at the Rijksuniversiteit, Utrecht. Van Gelder concentrated on Dutch and Flemish art.

• GRI: Papers, 1925–80 (correspondence, lectures, notes, articles, proofs, clippings, and ephemera, plus annotated books and material extracted from art books and catalogues; research files include 1970 re-edition of de la Failles' catalogue raisonné of van Gogh).
• RKD: Manuscripts of articles and for oeuvre catalogue of work of Charley Toorop (to 1942); notes; photocopies of catalogues of sales and collections; correspondence 1956–59 and 1967–80.

Otto (1902–62) and Ilse Gerson
Otto Gerson and Ilse Goehler (m. 1939), New York art dealers, c. 1940–62, owned and operated Fine Arts Associates, Gerson Gallery, and the Marlborough-Gerson Gallery.

• AAA: Papers, 1933–80 (correspondence and business records relating to their various galleries, including correspondence with Marlborough Gallery regarding merger. Purchase and sale records, 1948–63; photographs; exhibition catalogues, clippings; personal correspondence and papers, files on artists and collectors, file on the Dina Vierny Gallery, Paris, with correspondence).

Joseph Gillott (1799–1872), London
Collector Joseph Gillott was closely associated with the dealer Ernest Gambart and his activities; had a considerable influence on the formation of the international commercial art market and exhibition system.

• GRI: Papers, c. 1843–90 (correspondence related to Gillott's collection and his role in the art market; letter books devoted to correspondence with artists on the loan of pictures for exhibitions; ledgers of picture transactions, business, and personal accounts; sales and auction catalogues; and descriptive pamphlets relating to his collection.

Margaret Beard Gilpin
Descendant of Harington Beard, a native of England, who opened the Harington Beard Fine Art Shop in Minneapolis in 1886. The gallery, later known as the Beard Art Galleries, operated until Beard's death in 1940. Richard Beard Thompson reopened the gallery c. 1980.

• AAA: Records and scrapbooks on Harington Beard and Beard Art Galleries, c. 1870–1940 (correspondence; biographical information on Harington Beard).

Gimbel Brothers, New York
New York department store chain. The firm also owned Saks. Both Saks and Gimbels were venues for the 1941 sale of part of William Randolph Hearst's collection (International Studio Art Corporation) organized by Hammer Galleries, New York. [See also Hearst]

Gimpel Fils, London
Opened after WWII by the sons of René Gimpel, a Paris dealer, who had been affiliated with Wildenstein in New York and Paris. Specializes in contemporary American and European art.

• ZADIK: Papers

Sara Gottlieb (1913–81)
Art dealer; New York. Married to artist Harry Gottlieb.

• AAA: Papers, 1950–82 (business records for Gallery 72 West, 1965–79; personal papers).

Goudstikker, Amsterdam
Firm established in Amsterdam in 1919 by Jacques Goudstikker, who fled to England in 1940, dying en route. The firm was left in the hands of his employees and bought by Alois Miedl, a German who ran it during WWII.

• G.A. Amst.: Papers of Jacques and Desi Goudstikker, 1919–30
• RKD: Records, 1940–45
• NARA, GRI/PI: Copies of 1940 inventory

Goupil et Cie, Paris, London, Berlin, New York, the Hague, Vienna, Brussels
Publishing firm founded in 1827 by Henri Rittner and Adolf Goupil in Paris. After Rittner's death in 1841, Goupil established a new partnership with Théodore Vibert. The firm opened branches in London in 1841 and New York in 1845, supported American artists in Paris and contemporary French painters in America. The New York branch was sold to Michel Knoedler in 1857. In 1861 Goupil and Léon Boussod entered into partnership with Vincent van Gogh (uncle of the artist) in Paris. By the end of the 19th century Goupil also had established branches of the firm in Berlin, the Hague, Vienna, and Brussels, specializng in the work of 19th-century artists The firm was succeeded by Boussod Valadon & Co. in 1879. Theo van Gogh, ran the London gallery, also owned by Boussod, Valadon, called the Goupil Gallery. The firm closed in 1920.

• GRI:Stock books, 1846–1919. (The 15 stock books preserved at the GRI have been digitized. The contents have been indexed by the Getty Provenance Index.)
• AAA: Correspondence, 1867–84 (letters, mostly from French artists regarding paintings that were to be shown at an exhibit at the Palais de Champs Elysées organized by Goupil.
• RKD: the Hague, 1861–1917; seven diaries of purchases and sales and eight alphabetic registers of names of artists whose work the firm handled, 1877–1917.

Graham Gallery, Houston
Established in 1981 by William A. Graham.

• AAA: William Graham papers and Graham Gallery records, 1969–84 (correspondence, photographs, and scrapbooks).

Grand Central Art Galleries, New York
Established in 1923, with modern division called Grand Central Moderns

• AAA: Records 1923–c. 1966 (yearbooks, 1928–50; exhibition catalogues, 1923–29; artist and exhibition files, including exchange exhibition with the Galerie Jeanne Bucher, 1953).

Granoff, Paris
In operation 1926–28 by Katie Granoff, in association with René Lefebure, closed. Reestablished as Galerie Katie Granoff, continued by Larock Granoff.

• Galerie Larock Granoff, Paris, maintains records

Grapestake Gallery, San Francisco
Established in 1974 by Ursula Gropper, Thomas V. Meyer, and their father, Otto Meyer. Exhibited primarily contemporary California painters, sculptors and 20th-century American photographers. Gallery closed in 1984.

• AAA: Records, 1974–84 (artist files, business correspondence, consignment file, artists' contracts, art inventories, price lists, and miscellaneous items).

G.R.D. Gallery, New York
Nonprofit art gallery; founded by Jean S. Roosevelt in honor of her sister, artist Gladys Roosevelt Dick. Kimon Nicolaides was art director.

• AAA: Records, 1921–70 (letters, writings, business records, sketches, printed matter, and photographs relating to the gallery and Kimon Nicolaides).

Gropper Art Gallery (aka Gropper Art Galleries), Cambridge, Mass.
Established in 1954, the gallery specialized in prints.

• AAA: Records, 1955–73 (official gallery correspondence of director Joseph Gropper; artist and exhibition files; newspaper clippings; reviews; and photographs).

Gross McCleaf Gallery, Philadelphia
Established in 1969 as the Marlin McCleaf Gallery, specializing in 20th-century paintings and works on paper. After Marlin McCleaf left in December 1969, Estelle Gross became the sole proprietor, incorporating the gallery as the Gross McCleaf Gallery.

• AAA: Selected artists files, 1947–86. Estelle Gross (1929–92) interview, Apr. 5, 1989.

Daniel B. Grossman Gallery

• FARL: Papers

Willem (Jr.) and Gerrit Gruyter, Utrecht
Dealers in Utrecht, 1832–75. [See also Willem Gruyter, Sr., and Jr., Amsterdam]

Willem Gruyter, Sr., and Jr., Amsterdam

• RKD: 1832–75 sales book identifying buyers of works sold from Willem Sr.'s estate.

Peggy Guggenheim (b. 1898)
Collector, patron, art dealer. Her galleries were Guggenheim Jeune, London (1938), and Art of this Century, New York (1942–1947).

• AAA: Exhibition catalogues, clippings and other published material relating to Guggenheim Jeune and Art of this Century, 1938–1946.

Guild Art Gallery, New York
Established c. 1935 by Anna Walinska and Margaret Schoonover; closed in 1939.

• AAA: Records, c. 1935–39 (correspondence; financial records; photos; printed material).

Gump's Gallery, San Francisco
Established in 1861, the gallery [aka S. & G. Gump Company] has been operated by the Gump family through three generations. Gump's hosted a broad range of exhibitions, including Hudson River School paintings, Near Eastern bronzes, Fauvist painting, American folk art, and contemporary American printmakers.

• AAA: Records. 1877–1958 (three albums with photographs of Old Master paintings, portraits, and interiors of the gallery; nine scrapbooks).

Hackett Galleries, New York
Located at 9 E. 57th St.

• AAA: Records, 1930–57 (two folders from the Hackett Galleries file; file on the John Hay Whitney collection; and copies of letters concerning the disposition of the Hackett Galleries Collection).

Nathan Halper (1907–83)
In partnership with Samuel Kootz, Halper managed the Samuel Kootz Gallery in Provincetown, Mass. (1953–54). With John Murray Cuddihy, he formed the H. C. Gallery (1956) and H.C.E. Gallery (1957–67). He also managed the Sun Gallery for a few years .

• AAA: Correspondence, 1952–1966, and gallery records, 1952–1979, of the Samuel M. Kootz Gallery, H.C. Gallery, the Sun Gallery, and the H.C.E. Gallery. Interviews of Nathan Halper, July 8–Aug. 14, 1980. [See also H.C. Gallery and Kootz Gallery; Helen Marjorie Windust Halper]

Helen Marjorie Windust Halper (b. 1908)
Painter; Provincetown, Mass. Wife of art dealer Nathan Halper.

• AAA: Interview, Sept. 27, 1994. She recounts meeting Nathan Halper in the 1930s and their marriage following World War II; his becoming an art dealer; and the success of his H.C. and H.C.E. Gallery during the 1950s and 1960s. [See also Nathan Halper]

Patricia Hamilton Gallery, New York
Specializing in sculpture, the gallery operated from 1977 to 1985.

• AAA: Records, 1977–85 (correspondence, photographs, and scrapbooks relating to exhibitions).

Hammer Gallery, New York
Founded in 1928 by Dr. Armand Hammer; originally specialized in Russian icons, brocades, imperial porcelains, and art objects. Introduced the work of Karl Fabergé to America. During the 1930s Hammer Gallery was responsible for liquidating much of the vast collection of William Randolph Hearst. In the 1960s the gallery began to focus on Impressionist and Post -Impressionist works.

• Contact the gallery for records dating from the mid-1950s to present.

John Hanna Galleries, Detroit
Three generations of the Hanna family owned, wholly or in part, several galleries in Detroit: Detroit Art Store, Hanna-Thomson Galleries, John E. Hanna & Bros., John Hanna Company Galleries, John Hanna, Inc.

• AAA: Records, 1958–75. Correspondence, receipts, invoices, and miscellaneous papers, 1885–1962, of the John Hanna Galleries and its precursors. Included are card files; ledgers; scrapbooks containing material on the J .L. Hudson art department in the 1930s and 1940s, when it was operated by Jay Hanna; photographs; publications; and other records.

Marie Harriman Gallery, New York
Operated by Marie Harriman (wife of Averell Harriman) from 1930–42.

• AAA: Exhibition catalogues and announcements 1932–61.

Huize Van Hasselt, Rotterdam
Art dealer.

• RKD: Four albums of clippings and invitations.

William Randolph Hearst (International Studio Corporation)
In about 1930 Hearst Publications faced bankruptcy, and William Randolph Hearst was forced to sell off assets, including a large part of his massive collection of European art. The collection was sold by Hammer Gallery through Gimbel Brothers Department Store. The better works were sold at Saks Fifth Avenue.

• Long Island University: Papers
• Microform: Records of sales.

Heim Gallery, London
Opened in 1965 by François Heim, of the Galerie Heim in Paris, with Andrew S. Ciechanowiecki as partner and director. Specialized in Baroque, Renaissance and19th-century French sculpture, Italian painting, French and neoclassical drawings.

• GRI: Records, 1965–90

Henri Gallery, Washington, D.C.
Established in Alexandria, Va., in 1957 by Henrietta Ehrsam (d. 1996); moved to Washington, D.C., c. 1967. Specialized in the work of the Washington Color School.

• AAA: Records, 1956–96 (personal and business correspondence of Henri; financial records; photographs; printed matter; artist files; exhibition catalogues, miscellaneous).

David Herbert (1920–95)
Herbert worked for a number of important contemporary galleries in New York, namely the Betty Parsons Gallery (1951–53), Sidney Janis Gallery (1953–59), and the Graham Gallery (1969–75). He also had his own eponymous gallery (1959–62), was a private dealer (1964–69; 1975–95), and was in partnership with dealer Richard Feigen (1962–64).

• AAA: Papers, 1950–95 (scattered records from his work at various art galleries, as well as personal documents; files on artists, dealers, and galleries; and extensive newspaper clippings, mainly obituaries). Two transcripts of radio interviews with Betty Parsons from 1951 and 1952.

Terese Tarlton Hershey
Hershey founded Gallery of Wonderful Things, Fort Worth, Tex., in 1956 and turned it over to Electra Carlin in 1958. Carlin moved the gallery and changed the name to Carlin Gallery. Hershey moved to Houston and organized four art shows at the Tall Timbers apartment complex owned by her husband.

• AAA: Papers, 1956–81: Correspondence; artist files; exhibition files, a scrapbook; printed material and loan records for her private collections of ceramics, paintings, and sculpture; photographs; and printed miscellany.

Hirschl & Adler Galleries
The gallery specializes in 18th- to 20th-century American paintings, sculpture, and prints as well as European paintings. Hirschl & Adler Modern was established to sell contemporary American and European paintings, sculpture and photography.

• AAA: Photographs of works of art and records, 1921–c. 1990.The bulk of the collection consists of images c. 1960–95, paintings, sculpture, decorative arts, and folk art (mostly 19th- and 20th-century American artists) sold by Hirschl & Adler Galleries.

Cornelis Hofstede de Groot
Art historian specializing in Dutch 17th-century. His Catalouge Raisonné of the Most Eminent Dutch Painters remains a standard reference.

• RKD: Fiche collection—c. 300,000 notes, c. 250,000 with descriptions of paintings taken from sales catalogues, exhibitions, and collections, and about 50,000 of artworks that he himself had seen. Continued by the staff of the RKD between 1932 and 1993. Approximately 2,010,700 fiches in total.

W. H. Hofstee Deelman, Amsterdam

• RKD: Photo album and scrapbook with announcements and reviews.

B. C. Holland Gallery, Chicago
Established in 1959 by Bud C. Holland and Noah Goldowsky as the Holland-Goldowsky Gallery, it featured Chicago artists and some artists of the New York School as well as modern furniture, 1890–1950. In 1961, Holland bought out Goldowsky and renamed the gallery the B. C. Holland Gallery. It closed in 1991 following the death of Bud Holland.

• AAA: Records, 1959–91 (file of inactive artists).

Louis A. Holman (1866–1939)
Illustrator, art editor, and print dealer; Boston. Holman established a print department at Goodspeed's Book Shop in 1915, leaving in 1930 to open his own firm, Holman's Print Shop. Richard Bourne Holman worked with his father and ran the firm after Louis' death in 1939 until 1977.

• AAA: Papers and Holman's Print Shop records, c. 1870–1977 (letters, writings, a scrapbook, printed material, and files on printmakers; artist/subject files; biographical material; memorabilia; diaries, notes, writings, and lectures; business and financial records).

Jurgen Holstein Antiquariat, Berlin
Berlin manuscript dealer specializing in the German avant-garde.

• GRI: Bibliographic records, c. 1975–80. Files containing descriptive bibliographic, biographical, and other information used to compile the firm's printed catalogues. Library holds full run of Holstein catalogues.

Hooks-Epstein Galleries, Houston
Nineteenth- and 20th-century representational American, European, and Latin American art.

• AAA: Records, 1970–81 (files and two exhibition scrapbooks; photographs; exhibition price lists; and miscellany).

Hotel del Monte Art Gallery, Monterey, Calif.

• AAA: One catalogue of paintings, primarily Californian artists and subjects, exhibited during the first year of the gallery's operation, 1907, and two undated photographs of the interior of the gallery.

Kunsthandel Huinck & Scherjon, Amsterdam
W. C. A. Huinck (1881–1961) took over the Utrecht gallery of his father, A. J. Huinck (1847–?) in 1903 and established Kunsthandel Huinck & Scherjon in Amsterdam in 1930. W. Scherjon (1878–1938) had been a printer and publisher in Utrecht. Specialized in The Hague School and Amsterdam School, French Impressionism, and Barbizon. Closed 1955.

• RKD: Primarily correspondence of Floris Verster; some pieces concerning John Rädicker, and a typescript of H. P. Bremmer about the work of Bart van der Leck.
• VGM: Additional files of the firm.

Hundred Acres Gallery, New York
Owned and operated by Ivan Karp.

• AAA: Records, 1970–77 (artist files, business records, printed material, files on group exhibitions, correspondence, photographs, writings, and notes).

J. L. Hudson Gallery, Detroit
Joseph L. Hudson established J. L. Hudson Gallery in 1963. To direct the gallery, Hudson hired Albert Landry, who had owned a gallery in New York. Located in the downtown branch of Hudson's Department Store, the gallery opened with an exhibition of the W. R. Valentiner Collection. Oscar Piagentini succeeded Landry as directory in 1967. Closed c. 1974.

• AAA: Records, 1962–74 (administrative records, correspondence, exhibition and artist files).
•  

International Art Gallery, Hollywood, Calif.; affiliated with the Nierendorf Gallery, New York

• AAA: Records, 1943–46 (correspondence between Karl Nierendorf of the Nierendorf Gallery in New York and Estella Kellen [nèe Katzenellenbogen], the director of Nierendorf's subsidiary gallery, International Art, in Hollywood).

Robert Isaacson Gallery, New York

• AAA: Records, 1952–67 (material relating to the three New York City galleries owned by Isaacson: Hewitt Gallery, Robert Isaacson Gallery, and Durlacher Bros. Financial records; correspondence with dealers, collectors, museums, and art organizations, 1959–1966; artists' files; four subject files, 1955-67, pertaining to group shows; photographs). [See also Durlacher Bros.]

Martha Jackson Gallery, New York
Specialized in modern America and European painting and sculpture. David Anderson, Martha Jackson's son, assumed control of the gallery after her death in 1969.

• AAA: Records 1954–64 (artists' files, containing mainly correspondence with Jackson and Anderson concerning exhibitions). Interview, May 23, 1969).
• ZADIK: Papers

Lotte Jacobi Place, Hillsboro, N.H.
Lotte Jacobi (d. 1990) was a portrait photographer in Berlin between 1927 and 1935. After fleeing Nazi Germany in 1935, she opened a studio in New York. She later moved to Deering, N.H., and established Lotte Jacobi Place to show the work of contemporary artists.

• AAA: Printed materials, 1964–68 (biographical sketches of artists and lists of works exhibited).

Sidney Janis, New York
Sidney Janis began collecting paintings in 1926 and opened his gallery in New York in 1949 with an exhibition of works by Léger, whom he had known in Paris. The gallery is closed.

• Records are in storage and currently unavailable.
• MOMA: Oral history
• AAA: Interview, March 21–Sept. 26, 1972 [restricted access]; a complete run of catalogues for Sidney Janis Gallery exhibits, 1948–99.
• ZADIK: Papers

Jefferson Place Gallery, Washington, D.C.
Established 1957, closed 1974; the gallery exhibited local artists.

• AAA: Records, 1957–71 (notes by Helene Herzbrun, a partner in the gallery until 1971, about the gallery's founding and history; partnership agreements and participating artist contracts; profit-and-loss statements, 1957–61).

Jehu Gallery, San Francisco
Operated from 1978 to 1981, specializing in contemporary art.

• AAA: Jehu-Wong Gallery, Jehu Gallery, and Upper Market Street Gallery records, 1971–83. Exhibition files from the Upper Market Street Gallery (1971–73) and its descendants, the Jehu-Wong Gallery and the Jehu Gallery. Press releases, announcements, price lists, resumes, photographs, transparencies, and clippings documenting the exhibitions held from 1971–82. A scrapbook of announcements, posters, photographs, and clippings pertaining to the Upper Market Street Gallery, 1971–73. Also, 55 artists' files.
•  

Daniel Kahnweiler, Paris
German art dealer, publisher, writer, who established a gallery in Paris in 1907 and became one of the most influential dealers of the Paris School, particularly Picasso and Braque. Exiled in Switzerland during World War I, his collections were sequestered and sold by the French government at the end of the war. Returning to Paris in 1920, Kahnweiler reopened his gallery, known as Galerie Simon after his partner André Simon. In 1940 Simon, a Jew, turned his gallery over to his daughter-in-law Louise Leiris, who ran the gallery as Galerie Louise Leiris.

• Records maintained by Galerie Louise Leiris, Paris.
• GRI [Bonnier-Svensk-Franska]: Account book re: dealings with Svensk-Franska.
• GRI [Antonin Artaud (1896–1948)]: Letter to Kahnweiler from Antonin Artaud, 1923.

Jane Kallir
Art dealer, owner/director of Galerie St. ètienne, New York.

• AAA: Interview, Feb. 25, 1993. [See also Galerie St. Étienne]

Kanst Art Gallery, Los Angeles
Operated b J.F. Kanst.

• AAA: Records regarding painter Lillian Genth, 1927–30 (correspondence, sales and shipping records; etc.).

Tirca Karlis Gallery, Provincetown, Mass.
Established in the 1920s by Tirca Karlis Cohen. At her death the gallery passed to her son and heir, Aaron Cohen.

• AAA: Records, 1927–80 (biographical information on Tirca Karlis; correspondence; artists' resumes; consignment, purchase, and return receipts; invoices, sales ledgers, clippings; printed material; guest books; photographs; miscellaneous printed materials).

Gertrude Kasle Gallery, Detroit
Established in 1960 and closed in 1976, when Kasle and Joy Colby established Kasle/Colby Art Consultants.

• AAA: Records, 1960–81, primarily artists' files from the Gertrude Kasle Gallery (1960–76) with some additional correspondence from the firm of Kasle/Colby Art Consultants (1976–); an incomplete run of exhibition catalogues and announcements spanning the gallery's existence, 1960–76.

Georges Keller
Georges Keller was hired in 1929 by the French dealers Étienne Bignou and Gaston and Josse Bernheim-Jeune to be director of the Parisian auction house, Galerie Georges Petit, which they had recently acquired. Following the closure of the Galerie Georges Petit in 1933, Keller became the director of the New York branch of Bignou Gallery. By 1953 Keller had closed Bignou Gallery and was director of Carstairs Gallery, New York. [See Bignou and Galerie Georges Petit]

Mitchell Kennerly [aka Kennerley] (1878–1950)
Publisher of The Forum, 1910–1916 and president of the Anderson Galleries, New York, 1916–29.

• AAA: Miscellaneous papers 1912–44, concerning auctioneering in New York and the Anderson Galleries.

Frederick Keppel and Co. (aka Keppel's Print Shop)
The gallery was founded by Frederick Keppel (1845–1912). William Macbeth (1851–1917), who later founded the well-known Macbeth Gallery in New York City, was his assistant c. 1875. [See Margaret Beard Gilpin]

Coe-Kerr Gallery, New York
Founded in 1968 by Elmer Coe Kerr in partnership with the collector Fred Woolworth. Coe Kerr, as he was known, had been a senior partner of Knoedlers and was related to the Knoedler family. The Coe Kerr gallery originally represented Andrew Wyeth, but broadened its scope to include 19th- and 20th-century American paintings, under the influence of Warren Adelson, who served as director from 1974 to 1990. Closed in 1993.

• FARL: Papers

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner
German Expressionist artist active in Dresden and Switzerland. Member of die Brücke.

• GRI: Letters and papers, 1905–46. Material on the sale of works by the Nazis. Printed material includes press reviews of Kirchner's works, c. 1912–1947, and press clippings relating to the "Entartete Kunst" exhibition and subsequent sale of unwanted paintings by the Nazis, 1937–39.

Paul Klee

• MOMA: Inventory compiled by Will Grohman.

Kleijkamp (aka Kleykamp), the Hague
Art dealers, 1904–32.

• RKD: Seven books of clippings concerning the art trade.

Kleinberger Galleries, Paris and New York
Founded in Paris by Franz Kleinberger in 1848, the firm was an early promoter and importer of European paintings to the United States. By 1913 Kleinberger was exhibiting at its gallery on lower Fifth Avenue, near the Duveen Gallery. Harry S. Sperling (d. 1973) was vice president of the firm, and after the death of Kleinberger (c. 1936) served as president until 1973. Kleinberger's was closely associated with Julius Böhler before and after World War II [see Böhler Steinmeyer]. Kleinberger also seems to have been closely associated with Duveen. Kleinberger's correspondence files (unrelated to Duveen) were among the papers from Duveen given to the Metropolitan Museum and now at the GRI.

• MMA/EP: Stock cards, 1897–1973, and clipping file.
• GRI [Duveen]: Correspondence and gallery records, c. 1913–73 (correspondents include Bernard Berenson, Duveen, Böhler, de Boer, etc.).

M. Knoedler & Co., New York
Established in 1857 when Michael [aka Michel] Knoedler purchased the New York branch of Goupil, with which he had worked since emigrating from Paris in 1846. By 1889 the firm was known simply as Knoedler's. Roland Knoedler, Michael's son, took over the firm after the death of his father in 1878 and with Charles Carstairs opened galleries in Paris and London. Roland Knoedler retired in 1928 and management of the firm passed to his nephew Charles Henschel, Carmen Mesmore, and Charles Carstairs and his son Carroll. In 1956 Henschel died and E. Coe Kerr and Roland Balay (Michael Knoedler's grandson) took over. In 1971 the firm was sold to industrialist and collector Armand Hammer. The firm closed in 2011. The archives were acquired by the Getty Research Institute in 2012.

• GRI: Records, 1857–1971 (letters, stock books, card files, photographs)
• GRI: Letters received, 1890–1920. Microfiche copies of originals. Letters addressed primarily to Roland Knoedler and to the director of his gallery in Paris, Hamman. Letters concern business matters, studio visits, rights of reproduction as well as work in progress. [See also Roland Balay]

David Koetser Gallery, London and Zurich
Dealers—uncle and nephew by the same name. Gallery originally established in London. The elder David Koetser moved to Zurich in 1970s in semi-retirement and subsequently died. He left his collection to the Kunsthalle, Zürich. Nephew David Koetser continues to operate the firm in Zurich.

• GRI: Photographs incorporated into photo study collection.

Kootz Gallery, New York
Founded in 1945 by Samuel M. Kootz (1898–1982), the gallery specialized in modern art. Managed by Nathan Halper (1953–54), it closed in 1966.

• AAA: Records, 1931–66 (letters; writings; scrapbooks; approximately 2,000 photographs; artists' files; inventories of art publications; exhibition materials; catalogues and announcements; clippings; and miscellaneous material). Interview of Samuel M. Kootz, April 13, 1964. [See also Nathan Halper]

B. R. Kornblatt Gallery, Baltimore and Washington, D.C.
Established in 1975 by Barbara Kornblatt in Baltimore, the gallery moved in 1980 to Washington, D.C. It specialized in contemporary American painting, sculpture, and works on paper. Closed 1991.

• AAA: Records, 1975–92 (primarily artists' files; also files concerning the gallery's participation in the Chicago International Art Exposition, 1982–85).

Kraushaar Galleries, New York
Specializing in 20th-century American paintings and sculpture, the gallery was owned by Antoinette M. Kraushaar.

• AAA: Records 1907–68 (correspondence, clippings, photographs, and financial records; primarily correspondence, 1916–64, 1966–68, with artists, collectors, dealers, museums, clients, insurers, and suppliers concerning gallery business). Interview of Antoinette Kraushaar (1902–92), Feb. 21–Sept. 18, 1982.

Katherine Kuh (1904–94)
Art consultant, gallery owner, curator, and critic, Chicago and New York.

• AAA: Papers and records, 1908–94 (correspondence; photographs; writings; scrapbook; art works; printed material; and miscellany). Interviews, March 18, 1982–March 24, 1983.
•  

Lucien (1880–1943) and Marcelle Labaudt
Lucien Labaudt was a painter, muralist, costume, and set designer. He also ran the California School of Design. After his death in 1943, his wife, Marcelle Labaudt, established the Lucien Labaudt Art Gallery in San Francisco to give younger or relatively unknown artists their first exhibition. Gallery closed in 1980.

• AAA: Papers, 1896–1987 (correspondence, photographs, exhibition materials, scrapbooks, journals, printed matter, essays, gallery records and other business records).

Siegfried and Walter Laemmle, Munich and Los Angeles
Prominent dealers of medieval and Renaissance sculpture, the firm was located first on Karlstrasse, later on Lenbachplatz and Briennerstrasse, Munich. Siegfried Laemmle relocated to Los Angeles in 1938 after the Germans confiscated the Munich shop and its contents. Walter Laemmle joined his father as a partner in the Los Angeles firm.

• GRI: Approximately 650 photographic negatives, 1,200 photographic prints, and 200 pictures. Approximately one fifth of the glass negatives and a few of the prints are personal images of the Laemmle family. Recorded interview of Walter Laemmle, with his business associate Roger-F. Bettlé, May 17, 1993.

Laurel Gallery, New York
Established in 1946 at 108 E. 57th St., the gallery specialized in contemporary American art. Co-directors were Chris Ritter and Grace Borgenicht.

• AAA: Records, 1946–52 (letters received; biographical and autobiographical writings of Milton Avery, Gabor Peterdi, and Leonard Pytlak; financial records and account books, 1946–51; exhibition files, scrapbooks, photographs, and miscellaneous papers).

Eva Lee Gallery, Great Neck, N.Y.
Owned by Eva Lee.

• AAA: Records, 1925–73 (correspondence, printed materials, and an auction price list).

Helmut Lehmann-Haupt

• MOMA: Documents concerning art in Germany during WWII, c. 1933–1955.

Louise Leiris, Paris
Louise Leiris was Kahnweiler's daughter-in-law, to whom he assigned his gallery in 1940 when he went into exile.

• Gallery maintains records.
• ZADIK: Papers

André Level
French art critic and dealer, Level was an important collector and early supporter of Matisse and Picasso. For 10 years, Level advised 13 men in the formation of a collection of contemporary art called La Peau de l'Ours. The auction of his collection in March 1914 was a major public event and a financial success.

• GRI: Letters received, 1899–1936, from artists and others.

John Levy Galleries, New York
Located at 559 Fifth Ave. from 1920 to 1927 and at 1 E. 57th St. from 1930–38.

• AAA: Scrapbook, 1920–38 (exhibition announcements and catalogues [some annotated; no material for 1928–29], and notes concerning exhibition sales, commissions, and expenses, 1920–21).

Raymond E. Lewis
Art dealer (San Rafael, Calif.); founded R. E. Lewis Gallery in 1952. Specializes in prints.

• AAA: R. E. Lewis gallery records, 1952–81 (illustrated and annotated gallery print catalogues, 1967–81; annotated gallery lists, 1952–81; and exhibition announcements, 1952–71). Interviews, Dec. 7, 1981–Jan. 7, 1982.

André Lhote (1885–1962)
Painter, illustrator, and critic.

• GRI: Eighty-two letters written by Lhote to Gabriel Frizeau regarding the Paris art market.

Carel van Lier (1898-1945), Amsterdam
Art dealer.

• RKD: Correspondence 1927–48.

Lilienfeld Galleries, New York
Originally established in Germany by Dr. Karl Lilienfeld (b. 1885); in New York by the mid-1930s, when it joined Van Diemen to become Van Diemen-Lilienfeld Galleries

• Achim Moeller F.A., New York: Stock cards
• NGA/vertical files: Information

Linders, Dordrecht
Art dealer.

• RKD: Five files of clippings, 1942–46.

Little Gallery, Birmingham, Mich.
Established in 1950 by Marguerite (Peggy) deSalle to feature contemporary art by young artists, the gallery later offered picture framing, contemporary jewelry, and pottery.

• AAA: Records, 1931–79 (subject files on artists and jewelers, business files, scrapbooks, photographs, and publicity; personal business records and correspondence of Marguerite deSalle, including material that pre-dates the gallery, 1931–50).

Little Studio, Ltd., New York
Founded by Richard Kollmar as a place for young artists. Lee Nordness was director.

• AAA: Lee Nordness business records and papers, c. 1950–74. [See also Lee Nordness Gallery]

Locks Gallery, Philadelphia
Established 1968 as the Marian Locks Gallery, it became known as Locks Gallery c. 1990. The gallery exhibited primarily the work of contemporary Philadelphia area artists.

• AAA: Records, 1968–91, from the Marian Locks Gallery and, to a lesser degree, its successor, the Locks Gallery (exhibition schedules, price lists, artist files, press releases, and printed material; interview of Marian Locks, Sept 20–29, 1989).

J. van Loenen Martinet (1917–93), Amsterdam

• RKD: Correspondence with artists, 1950–60.

Adolph [aka Adolfo] Loewi, Venice, New York, and Los Angeles
Firm originally established in Venice by Adolph Loewi with a branch in New York. In 1939 when Loewi left Italy, he turned the firm over to Alessandro Morandotti, who took the stock to Rome, where he established the firm as Antiquaria in Palazzo Massimo. Loewi moved first to New York and within six months to Los Angeles. After the war, Morandotti returned the firm to Loewi, who stayed in Los Angeles. Morandotti continued to run the gallery in Rome, purchasing it from Loewi in 1950. The firm sold decorative arts, sculpture, paintings, and especially textiles. The textile business eventually split off as Loewi-Robertson under the direction of his daughter, Kay Robertson, and her husband.

• Pre-war files burned in Venice; pocket stock books (with Mrs. Robertson) have some information; 1939–88?.
• LACMA/DSC: Documentation and photographs concerning textiles, paintings, decorative arts, furniture, sculpture.

Meredith Long & Company, Houston and New York
Owned and directed by Meredith Long. Businesses included Davis and Long, 746 Madison Ave., New York; Meredith Long Contemporary, 7 W. 57th St., New York; and Meredith Long and Company, 2323 San Felipe, Houston. The gallery specialized in 19th- and 20th-century American art.

• AAA: Meredith Long & Company printed material, 1959–79 (clippings and exhibition announcements from Long's galleries).

Long Point Gallery, Provincetown, Mass.
Cooperative art gallery; Provincetown, Mass. Founded in 1977. Closed in 1998.

• AAA: Records, 1977–98 (legal papers, financial records; price lists; correspondence; biographies of members; bibliography; gallery history; clippings; photographs and slides; artist and exhibition files; and a videotape of a dinner held Aug. 10, 1993).

Neil Lovisco (1900–81)
In the 1920s, Lovisco ran The Catacombs, a combination art gallery-tea room in New York's Greenwich Village. He later operated the Bearskin Neck Art Gallery, Rockport, Mass. (1946–49), Art Center Gallery, New York (1950s), and the Lovisco Gallery, New York (1957–73) and Gloucester, Mass. (1973–79).

• AAA: Papers, 1942–89, related to art galleries owned or directed by Niel Lovisco; scattered records, correspondence, checklists, announcements, publicity releases and clippings, and a few snapshots, 1946–78.

Elenore Lust
Lust studied at the Art Students' League, 1936–41. She opened the Norlyst Gallery at 59 W. 56th Street, New York, in partnership with Jimmy Ernst in March 1943. Ernst left the business after several years; Lust ran the Norlyst Gallery until 1949. She later opened the Norlist Art Studio in Mount Holly, N.J.

• AAA: Papers, 1943–91, bulk 1943–49 (scrapbooks; letters; photographs and printed material, annotated by Lust; autobiographical notes; two undated letters to Lust from Piet Mondrian).

Macbeth Gallery, New York
Founded in New York 1892 by William Macbeth, it was the first gallery to deal solely in American art. The gallery's most famous exhibition was that of The Eight in 1908. William's son, Robert Macbeth, joined the firm in 1909 and became president in 1917. Robert McIntyre, nephew of William Macbeth, joined the firm in 1903 and became president of the gallery in 1940. Closed 1953.

• AAA: Complete records, c.1890–1964 (correspondence; letter books; scrapbooks; photographs; ledgers and financial records; card files on buyers and works of art, sold and unsold; exhibition catalogues; and printed material).

Galerie Paul Maenz, Cologne
Art gallery in Cologne dealing in contemporary art, especially Conceptionalism, the Trans-Avant Garde, and German Neo-Expressionism. Opened 1970; closed 1990.

• GRI: Papers and photographs collected in conjunction with the exhibition and publishing activities of Galerie Paul Maenz; the bulk of the material spans the period 1970 to 1990.

Makler Gallery, Philadelphia
Established in 1960 by Dr. Paul Todd Makler and his wife, Hope, the gallery exhibited primarily pre-1960 paintings and contemporary sculpture.

• AAA: Records, 1957–89 (files on artists and galleries; sales book; price lists; photographs; printed material; scrapbooks; a complete run of newsletter PROMETHEUS; interview of Hope Makler [b. 1924], Nov. 28, 1989).

Gracie Mansion Gallery, New York
Established in 1982 and closed in 1991, the gallery was operated by painter and dealer Gracie Mansion, aka Joanne Mayhew Young. Specializing in large group exhibitions and theme shows, as well as small, affordable art.

• AAA: Records, 1982–89 (magazine articles and newspaper clippings, 1982–85; artist files; business correspondence; consignment and loan agreement forms; and miscellany).

Simon Maris & family
Dutch family of painters active in the Hague. Jacob Maris was a leading figure of The Hague School.

• RKD: Correspondence, photos, catalogues, etc. from the estate of Mies Maris concerning her father, the artist Simon Maris, and his friends; her grandfather and uncles Willem, Jacob, and Matthijs Maris; and her brother Thijs. Information regarding art trade. [See RKD Bulletin 1998/2, pp. 6–14]

Galerie Markant, Langelo [Norg, Drente]
Owned by Hans van der Mark.

• RKD: Letters, documentation, catalogues.

Pierre Matisse Gallery, New York
Established 1931 by Pierre Matisse, son of Henri Matisse, the gallery specialized in 20th-century European art.

• AAA: Records, 1925–89 (catalogues of Pierre Matisse Gallery exhibitions, 1931–1945; photographs of exhibitions; and a scrapbook containing clippings and reviews of shows at the gallery).
• JPML: Stock books, correspondence, catalogues, photos, etc.

Mayor Gallery, London
Founded by Fred Mayor, the gallery specialized in 20th-century British, European, and American paintings, drawings, and sculpture. Douglas Cooper was curator between 1933 and 1938. The gallery was closely associated with Flechtheim, who left his collection of records and personal library to Mayor. [See Flechtheim]

• Gallery maintains records.
• GRI [Cooper Papers]: Records, 1933–38, the period when Douglas Cooper was curator of the gallery.

Maxwell Galleries, San Francisco
Established in 1940, specialized in 19th- and 20th-century American and European paintings, including early California art.

• AAA: Records, 1943–79 (two scrapbooks, 1943–45 and 1961; exhibition catalogues and announcements, undated and 1945–79; printed material; and loose clippings).

Jay McEvoy
Art dealer; San Francisco. Operated Courvoisier Galleries.

• AAA: Papers, 1934–95 (business and personal letters, 1955–95; organizational minutes and by-laws of the California Palace of the Legion of Honor and Patrons of Art and Music, 1957–70s, when McEvoy was financial director of the Palace of the Legion of Honor; a scrapbook of the Courvoisier Galleries, 1939–41).

Louis K. Meisel Gallery, New York
Art gallery.

• AAA: Correspondence between Louis K. Meisel and Jason Seley (sculptor and chairman of the Cornell University art department), 1974–81, relating to Seley's exhibitions and sales at the gallery and elsewhere.

Mercury Galleries, New York
Located at 4 E. 8th St., Mercury Galleries existed from 1937 to 1940. It was operated by Bernard Braddon and Sidney Paul Schectman. The gallery held the sixth show of the group The Ten, aka the Whitney Dissenters.

• AAA: Records and papers, 1926–43. [See also Bernard Braddon and Sidney Paul Schectman]

Mergier-Bourdeix
French art dealers. Paul-Louis Mergier and his wife Madame Mergier-Bourdeix.

• GRI: Letters received, 1943–68 (bulk 1943).

W. J. G. van Meurs
Art dealer.

• RKD: Correspondence, etc., concerning Matthijs Maris and van Meurs, who was a friend of the painter. Photographs of van Maris's residence in London.

Midtown Galleries, New York
Founded in 1932 by Alan D. Gruskin and Francis C. Healey, Midtown Galleries specialized in contemporary American art. In 1985 John Whitney Payson bought the gallery and in 1990 changed the name to Midtown-Payson Galleries; it closed in 1995.

• AAA: Records, 1932–97 (administrative correspondence; exhibition files; inventories and sales records; financial records; photographs; printed matter; personal papers of Alan D. and Mary J. Gruskin, and papers of Francis C. Healey). Interview, Oct. 27, 1992, with Mary Gruskin.

Milch Gallery, New York
Founded in 1912 by Edward Milch (1865–1954). In 1916 Edward established a partnership with his brother Albert (1881–1951), which was incorporated as E. & A. Milch and soon became Milch Galleries. Initially a print and framing business, by the 1920s the focus had shifted to American paintings. The name changed to Milch Gallery in 1967. The firm was dissolved following the death in 1981 of Edward's son Harold C. Milch (1904–81).

• AAA: Records, 1911–80 (correspondence, 1911–62; sales records and stock inventories, 1911–69; financial records, 1914–69; printed matter; photographs; miscellaneous).

Boris Mirski Gallery, Boston

• AAA: Boris Mirski papers and gallery records, 1944–79 (correspondence; gallery, client, and artists' files; photographs; and financial material).

Mohr Art Galleries, Toledo, Ohio
Owned by Miss Galliers until 1965.

• AAA: Records, 1915–50 (letters, catalogues, and clippings; letter from Frederick Remington about the shipment of his paintings).

Achim Moeller Fine Arts, New York
Founded by Achim Moeller in 1984, the gallery specializes in late 19th- and 20th-century European art. As exclusive agent for the estate of Lyonel and Julie Feininger, Moeller possesses the Feininger archive as well as Paul Cummings's archive on Mark Toby and the stock cards of Mark Lilienfeld.

• Gallery maintains records.
• ZADIK: Papers (Cologne)
• Berlinische Galerie, Berlin: Correspondence (Berlin)

Frederick Mont
New York dealer of Old Master paintings. Before emigrating to New York in the 1930s, Mont, then known as Frederick Mondschein, owned and directed Galerie Sanct Lucas.

• No records are known to exist for his activities in either Vienna or New York.

Moody Gallery, Houston
Owned by Elizabeth C. Moody, the gallery specialized in Houston-area artists.

• AAA: Records, 1975–79 (business correspondence and files on artists).

Larom Munson Gallery, New Haven, Conn.
Larom Munson operated the Little Gallery at 39 Palmer Square West, Princeton, N.J., from 1947 to 1962, and the Munson Gallery, 33 Whitney St. and 275 Orange St., New Haven, Conn.

• AAA: Larom Munson papers and gallery records, 1952–61 (two letters, May 15, 1961, and Aug. 26, 1961, from Maxfield Parrish to Munson; files 1952–56, on artists).

Tibor de Nagy Gallery, New York and Houston
Established in 1950 by Tibor de Nagy. A branch, Tibor de Nagy Gallery Texas, Inc., in Houston, became known as Watson/de Nagy & Company in 1976.

• AAA: Records, 1950–88 (financial records, correspondence, inventory, sales, and consignment cards, exhibition records, and catalogues, etc.; records of the Houston branch, 1969–78; artist files). [See also Watson/de Nagy & Company]

Tibor de Nagy (1908–93)
Art dealer; New York.

• AAA: Interview May 29, 1976. Discusses his partnership with John Myers, exhibitions, clientele, and his relationship with museum curators and changes in the art market during the 1950s.

N.A.M.E. Gallery
An association of visual and performing artists residing in Chicago.

• AAA: Records, 1973–79 (eight scrapbooks).

Peter and Fritz Nathan, Zurich
Swiss dealers. Fritz Nathan (the father) began the firm, which is continued by his son. The gallery specializes in Old Master and modern paintings, especially Delacroix.

• Firm maintains records.

Neue Galerie, Vienna
Founded in 1923 by Otto Kallir, the gallery specialized in the work of the Austrian Expressionists. Kallir fled Vienna in 1938, selling his gallery to his secretary in an attempt to secure his business during the Nazi period. He exported much of his stock to Paris, where he established the Galerie St. Etienne. He fled Paris within a year, placing much of his stock in storage and taking only a small portion with him to New York, where he established the Galerie St. Étienne. The works of art he left in Paris were not looted and Kallir was able to reclaim them after the war. He also took possession again of the Vienna gallery. After the war the Neue Galerie collaborated with Galerie St. Étienne, New York, but was later dissolved.

• Österreichische Galerie Belvedere, Vienna: Records, 1923–38. [See also Galerie St. Étienne]

J.[Israel] B.[er] Neumann, Berlin, Munich, and New York
J. B. Neumann (1887–1961) opened his first gallery in Berlin in 1911, exhibiting works by Munch and members of Die Brücke. In 1915-16 he was secretary to the Berlin Secession. From 1921 to 1927 he had an exclusive contract with Max Beckman. Neumann moved to New York in 1923, leaving the Berlin gallery to Karl Nierendorf and the Munich gallery to Günther Franke. Directed New Art Circle.

• MOMA: Papers, c. 1914–60, including unpublished manuscript of memoir entitled "Confessions of an Art Dealer." Microfilmed for AAA.
• AAA: Extensive collection of papers, 1915–67 (correspondence, writings, printed material, and photographs relating to Neumann's work as art dealer in New York). [See also Lee Gatch]

The New Arts (Gallery), Houston
Founded in 1956, the gallery closed c. 1974. Owner was Kathryn Swenson.

• AAA: Records, 1952–77 (files on artists and people associated with the gallery, exhibition files, material on the Contemporary Arts Association in Houston).

Newhouse Galleries, New York
Started in St. Louis by Clyde Newhouse (1920–86), the gallery moved to New York, where it sold Old Master paintings. The gallery is closed but responds to requests for information.

• Firm maintains records.
• AAA: Interview with Clyde Mortimer Newhouse, Nov. 8, 1972.

Newman Galleries, Philadelphia
Established in 1865 by George and Adolph Newman, the gallery specialized in 19th- and 20th-century American paintings, watercolors, and prints. In 1893 the gallery was forced to move, and the brothers dissolved their partnership. George opened a gallery at 1622 Chestnut St. and Adolph opened the Adolph Newman and Son Gallery at 704 Chestnut St. with his son Walter. Adolph retired in 1920, leaving the gallery to his son and grandson, Walter Andrew Newman.

• AAA: Photographs and printed material, c. 1860–1965, including obituaries of Adolph and George Newman.

Arthur U. Newton Gallery, New York

• AAA: Records, 1930–62.

Nierendorf Gallery, Cologne and New York
Karl Nierendorf (1889–1947), an art dealer and collector in Cologne and New York, established Kairos Verlag, which published the magazine Der Strom and represented the work of Hans Hansen and the drawings of Max Ernst and others. In 1919 Nierendorf founded the Gesellschaft der Künstler, and the following year the Galerie Nierendorf in Cologne, representing the works of the Blaue Reiter, Otto Dix, and Hans Cürlis. In 1923 Nierendorf took over J. B. Neumann's gallery in Berlin after the owner's departure for New York. In 1936 Nierendorf himself immigrated to New York, where he established the Galerie Nierendorf. Following his sudden death, the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum purchased his collection of works by Oskar Kokoschka, Paul Klee, Marc Chagall, Lyonel Feininger, and Ernst Kirchner.

• Papers and records: location unknown; not at the Guggenheim. [See also International Gallery, Los Angeles. (subsidiary of Nierendorf)]
• AAA: International Art records, 1943–46 (records for International Art, Los Angeles, a subsidiary of Nierendorf Gallery; includes correspondence with Nierendorf)

Niveau Gallery, New York
Specialized in late 19th- and early 20th-century painting.

• AAA: Records, 1943–47 (occasional catalogues with prices and clippings on Niveau Gallery exhibitions, and photographs of works by artists handled by the gallery).

Lee Nordness Gallery, New York
Established by Lee Nordness. Closed in 1966, when Lee Nordness Galleries Art Advisory Section, Inc., was established. The Lee Nordness Exhibition Section was established c. 1966 for the exhibition and sale of paintings and sculpture.

• AAA: Records of the Lee Nordness Galleries Exhibition Section, 1957–74 (records of seven art-related companies founded and run by Lee Nordness in New York; small group of personal papers; financial records). [See also Little Studio, Ltd., New York]

Nystad Oude Kunst, The Hague
A four-generation family business dealing in art and antiques for the past 128 years. Originally specialized in antique furniture and decorative art but became one of the foremost dealers in Holland for European paintings, primarily Dutch 17th-century paintings and drawings.

• GRI: 1958–94, correspondence, financial records, and photographs documenting the firm's dealings with collectors, museums, exhibitions, and trade associations.

Objects Gallery, San Antonio, Tex.
Under the directorship of Caroline Lee Bozzini, the gallery exhibited arts and crafts of the Southwest and Central America.

• AAA: Records, 1979–82.

O'Brien Galleries, Chicago and Scottsdale, Ariz.
Founded in 1855, it was Chicago's first art gallery and one of the oldest family-owned-and-operated galleries in the country. The gallery was called by several names, including O'Brien's Art Emporium, O'Brien Art Galleries, O'Brien Galleries, House of O'Brien, and M. O'Brien & Sons. The gallery remained in Chicago until 1941, closed during the war, and resumed operation in Scottsdale, Ariz., in the 1950s. Three generations of O'Briens (Martin, William, and William, Jr.) ran the gallery before it moved to Arizona.

• AAA: Records, 1811–1970 (correspondence, business records, notes and writings, printed material, scrapbooks, and photographs). [See also Benjamin K. Smith]

Origins Gallery, Boston
Owned and directed by Edyth Shulman, the gallery specialized in tribal art, especially Eskimo (Inuit) art. The gallery was located on Newbury Street, c. 1970–72, and in Cambridge, c. 1972–78.

• AAA: Records, c. 1970–80.

James St. L. O'Toole-Reinhardt Galleries, New York
From 1936 to 1939, James St. L. O'Toole held a managerial position with the [Paul] Reinhardt Gallery. In 1939 he established his own gallery, James St. L. O'Toole, Inc., aka James St. L. O'Toole Gallery, Ltd., which closed in 1952.

• AAA: Scrapbook, 1936–52, regarding Paul Reinhardt Galleries and James St. L. O'Toole Galleries, Inc.

Alexandre Joseph Paillet (1743–1814)
Major auctioneer in late 18th-century Paris, holding 145 sales between 1774 and 1793. Between 1777 and 1789 Paillet served as an agent of the crown, acquiring paintings for the museum in the Louvre.

• Arch. N., Paris: Notes on pictures he bought on trip to Holland.

Betty Parsons Gallery, New York
Betty Parsons was director of the Wakefield Bookshop Gallery, 1940–44, and director of the contemporary section of the Mortimer Brandt Gallery, 1944–46. She opened Betty Parsons Gallery in 1946 at 11 E. 57th St., later moving to 24 W. 57th St. Artists represented included many abstract expressionists.

• AAA: Personal papers and records from Wakefield Gallery, Mortimer Brandt, and mainly Betty Parsons Gallery. Betty Parsons Collection material is also included. Interview, June 4–9, 1969. [See also David Herbert interview]

Passedoit Gallery, New York
Operated by Georgette Passedoit.

• AAA: Records, 1941–58 (50 exhibition catalogues).

Perls Gallery, New York
Hugo Perls was a dealer/scholar in Berlin until c. 1940, when he moved to New York. Klaus Perls (b. 1912) continued the gallery, which specialized in 20th-century art. Younger brother of Frank Perls.

• AAA: Gallery records [closed access until 2007]; interview of Klaus Perls, Jan. 19, 1993.

Frank Perls Gallery, Beverly Hills, Calif.
Established 1939. Frank Perls (1910–75) was the older son of Hugo Perls and brother of art dealer Klaus Gunther Perls (b. 1912), owner of Perls Galleries, New York.

• AAA: Frank Perls's papers and gallery records, 1937–77.

Joan Peterson Gallery, Boston
Established in the late 1950s, closed in 1981, the gallery showed the work of the leading regional modernists, including Richard E. Filipowski, Jason Berger, and Marilyn Powers.

• AAA: Records, [c. 1958] to 1981.

Galerie Georges Petit, Paris
Georges Petit (1856–1920) inherited his father's firm of picture dealers (founded in 1846), continuing his father's interest in representing contemporary artists. Like his rival Durand-Ruel, Georges Petit, specialized in works of the Impressionists. In addition to important retrospectives of Renoir, Pissaro, and Sisley, the Galerie Georges Petit became the site of important auction sales. Following the death of Georges Petit in 1920, the gallery was acquired by Étienne Bignou and Gaston and Josse Bernheim-Jeune. Bernheim-Jeune had owned a share in the gallery since at least 1900. In 1929 Georges Keller was hired to be director. The gallery continued until 1933, when it closed and the assets were sold at auction.

• GRI: Letters received, 1855–1903. Letters addressed to Georges Petit or to his associates Hamman and Protais from over 40 correspondents.

Galerie Paul Petrides, Paris
The gallery specialized in 20th-century art. Petrides was an expert on Vlaminck.

• According to Paul Petrides's son, Gilbert Petrides, his father's records are in his possession but are not available for consultation.

Phillips, London
Auctioneers.

• BM: Papers
• Wallace Collection, London: Papers

Phoenix Gallery, New York
Cooperative art gallery.

• AAA: Records, 1958–62.

Dr. Eduard Plietzsch (1886–1961), Berlin
Art historian specializing in Dutch painting and collector. One of the directors, with Kurt Benedikt, of Galerie van Diemen & Co.

• Photograph archive left to Eduard Johannes Ruischer Trautscholdt (b. 1893): present location unknown.
• RKD: Six photo albums 1922–1933 of van Diemen.

Poindexter Gallery, New York
Founded by Elinor Poindexter.

• AAA: Records, 1956–c. 1978 (correspondence, photos, bills, clippings, and miscellany; also included are files on artists represented by the gallery during the 1960s and '70s.

Edwin David Porter (b. 1912)
Painter, sculptor, gallery owner; Wainscott, N.Y. Porter opened the G Place Gallery with Caresse Crosby in 1943.

• AAA: Personal and professional papers, 1929–69.

Stephen Radich Gallery, New York
Stephen Radich was director of the Martin Widdinfield Gallery, 818 Madison Ave., in 1959. The following year he changed the name of the gallery to Stephen Radich Gallery. Closed in 1969.

• AAA: Records, 1956–76 (financial records, price lists, purchase agreements, insurance records, correspondence, artists' files, photos, catalogues, clippings, and miscellany).

Ranson, Bonverie
Barclay's Bank, London: Records

• GRI/PI: Records at Barclay's Bank excerpted by Burton Fredericksen in 1985 for GRI/PI include payments made on Dec. 7, 1803, the Duc d'Orleans Pictures; March 3, 1804, to Slades Installment Account for pictures taken. Orleans picture account goes back to Jan. 1, 1796. See Orleans file.

Jack Rasmussen Gallery, Washington, D.C.
Operated by Jack Rasmussen at 313 G St., N.W., from 1978–88. Rasmussen was a painter, former director of the Washington Project for the Arts, and founding member of the Washington Art Dealers Association.

• AAA: Records, 1978–82 (financial records; a scrapbook, 1979–81; artist files; miscellaneous papers; and printed materials).

Galerie Ravel, Austin, Tex.
Established in 1976, the gallery specialized in prints of American and European artists and works of contemporary Latin American artists.

• AAA: Papers, 1976–83.

Redford, George
Dealer; author of Art Sales (London, 1888).

• GRI: Letters

Frank K. M. Rehn, New York
Established in 1918 at 6 W. 50th St., the gallery was owned by Frank Knox Morton Rehn, son of the marine painter Frank Knox Morton Rehn (1848–1914). John Clancy was the gallery director.

• AAA: Records, 1858–1978 (business records; exhibition catalogues, publicity material, and publications; scrapbooks; correspondence; material concerning Reginald and Felicia Meyer Marsh). [See also interview with John Clancy, July 10, 1970]

John Rewald
American scholar of 19th- and 20th-century French art; critic

• NGA: Papers
• JPML: Correspondence with artists.

Galerie Rive Gauche, Paris
Pompidou/doc: Records, c. 1950–70.

• Pompidou/doc: Records, c. 1950–70.

Thomas V. Robinson Fine Arts Gallery, Houston
19th- and 20th-century painting and sculpture.

• AAA: Records, c. 1977–83 (artists' files containing correspondence, price lists, exhibition announcements, publications, and clippings; and general files containing photographs, sales receipts, correspondence with galleries, and miscellany).

Roko Gallery, New York
Established in 1946 by Michael Leon Freilich, the gallery featured work by young, lesser-known artists.

• AAA: Records, 1929–82. The bulk of the collection consists of artists' files and printed material. The remainder includes correspondence, scattered legal and financial records, administrative records, and photographs. Material pre-dating the founding of the gallery consists of printed material collected by Freilich.

Galerie Rosart, Amersfoort
Contemporary art.

• RKD: Five scrapbooks, 1981–86.

Léonce Rosenberg, Paris
French dealer and major promoter of contemporary French art between the two World Wars, Léonce Rosenberg took over control of his father's gallery with his brother Paul in 1906. The partnership ended in 1910. Following WWI, he opened Galerie de l'Effort Moderne and published 40 issues of Bulletin l'Effort Moderne, in which he promoted the modern style.

• Pompidou/doc: Correspondence
• MOMA: Collection of letters from major artists in the Cubist movement, 1918–32. [See also Galerie de l'Effort Moderne]

Paul Rosenberg, Paris and New York
French dealer, brother and one-time partner of Léonce Rosenberg. Following WWI, Paul Rosenberg succeeded in wooing Picasso, Braque and Leger away from his brother and Daniel Kahnweiler. Paul Rosenberg established an international reputation and opened a gallery in London with his brother-in-law Jacques Helft before he leaving Paris in 1939 and settling in New York, where he opened a gallery in 1940. His New York gallery was managed by his son, Alexander and continued to be an important force in modern art.

• JPML: Correspondence, 1912–55.
• Elaine Rosenberg, New York, widow of Alexander Rosenberg, has the records.

Rosenberg and Stiebel, New York
Founded by Jacob Rosenbaum c. 1860–70 in Frankfurt am Main as a dealer in "Kleinkunst," including factory-made German porcelain and Renaissance and medieval objects. His son Isaak Rosenbaum continued the business, selling Old Master paintings and bringing his nephews Saemy Rosenberg and Hans and Eric Stiebel to work with him. After WWI, Hans Stiebel moved to Paris, where he became a dealer in French 18th-century furniture and objets d'art. With the rise of Hitler, Isaak Rosenbaum opened a gallery in Amsterdam, Saemy and his brother Raphael Rosenberg established a gallery in London, and in 1939, Eric Stiebel started a gallery in New York. Following WII, Saemy and Hans joined Eric in New York. The firm was involved in the sale of a number of works brought from Europe after the war. Among those who sold through the gallery were the Rothschilds. Hans Stiebel died in 1964; Saemy Rosenberg died in 1970; and Eric Stiebel died in September 2000. Eric’s son, Gerald continued the gallery known by then as Stiebel, Ltd. until it closed in 2014. The gallery records are now at The Frick Collection’s Frick Art Reference Library.  The archive currently is being processed and a finding aid will be forthcoming. Contact the Frick’s Archives Department for information.

Galerie Rosengart, Lucerne
Gallery maintains comprehensive archive.

• ZADIK: Papers

Edward Beatty Rowan (1898–1946)
Founder and director of The Little Gallery, Cedar Rapids, 1928–34. Because of his success with the Little Gallery, in 1931 the American Federation of Arts chose him to be the director of a new experimental art center in Cedar Rapids. Rowan was affiliated with the Fogg Art Museum at Harvard before going to Cedar Rapids and served as Chief, Public Buildings Administration, 1930s–40s.

• AAA: Papers, 1929–46 (correspondence, printed material, photographs, business records, and a diary; clippings, 1929–32, on exhibitions and activities of the Little Gallery).

Henri (1815–1906) & Arthur (1858–1932) Le Roy, Brussels
1840–1940; dealers of Dutch, Flemish and French artists, especially 16th-18th century.

• RKD: Clippings, notes, annotations, etc.; catalogues of sales and exhibitions.

Firma D. Sala & Zoonen, Leiden and the Hague
Frame maker and dealer, established 1825 in Leiden. At the beginning of the 20th century, Simon Sala established a gallery in the Hague, which operated until 1951. Henri Sala continued the frame-making business in Leiden (sold c. 1935).

• RKD: Correspondence with artists and dealers from c. 1850; copybooks of outgoing letters, 1858–1928; copybooks of facturen, 1887–1928.

Harry Salpeter (1895–1967)
Writer, art critic, gallery owner; New York.

• AAA: Papers, 1934–1967 (diaries [1956–67], correspondence, photographs, writings, scrapbook, exhibition materials, and printed materials; two stock books of the Harry Salpeter Gallery, Inc.).

Santa Monica Art Gallery, Santa Monica, Calif.
Established as a commercial art gallery by librarians at the Santa Monica Library. Exhibited abstract art from 1947 to 1965, when the building was torn down. The artists were mostly local and amateur, with the exceptions of artists such as Hans Burkhardt, Wayne Thiebaud, Helen Lundeberg, Stanton Macdonald-Wright, June Wayne, Rico Lebrun, Lorser Feitelson, Francis de Erdely, and Bill Brice.

• AAA: Records, 1953–67 (correspondence, notes, photographs, and slides).

Schaeffer Galleries, Berlin and New York
Owned and directed by Hanns Schaeffer. Specialized in Old Master paintings and drawings, originally focusing on works by Flemish and Dutch masters. The gallery operated in Berlin from 1925 to 1939 and in New York from 1936 to the 1990s.

• GRI: Records covering portions of the Berlin gallery operation, 1925–39 and the New York gallery 1939–80 (correspondence, bulk 1950s through 1980; client files from 1930s; inventory sheets and indices; photographs of art with records of sale, expertise, and provenance; photograph albums and catalogues documenting gallery exhibitions and the Le Roy M. Backus collection of drawings.
• AAA: Records, 1932–63 (financial records, subject files, printed material, and photographs; 47 letters to dealer Arthur C. Tate discussing the purchase of art works; correspondence between Hanns Schaeffer and Schaeffer Galleries' Pacific Coast director LeRoy Backus, including lists of paintings and some sales receipts; subject files for exhibitions of European art; clippings, exhibition announcements, and catalogues; photographs of works of art).

Bertha Schaefer Gallery, New York
Bertha Schaefer (1895–1971) opened Bertha Schaefer Interiors in 1924. In 1944, she established the Bertha Schaefer Gallery. Initially her focus was the work of American painters and sculptors; she eventually included European artists. Following her death in 1972, the gallery's name was changed to the New Bertha Schaefer Gallery.

• AAA: Bertha Schaefer papers and gallery records, 1914–75 (correspondence, notes, writings, drawings, subject and project files, scrapbooks on several artists who exhibited at the gallery, printed material, and photographs; interview of Bertha Schaefer, April 20–22, 1970).

Alois Jakob Schardt (1889–1983)
German art historian and museum director.

• GRI: Documents related to the Nazis' Kulturkampf against Expressionist art in the 1930s. Photographs, correspondence, published and unpublished manuscripts.

Herman Schaus (1850–:1911)
Art dealer, New York.

• AAA: Papers, 1867–1911.

Galka E. Scheyer
Born in Germany in 1889, in 1924 Scheyer moved to New York and became the American representative of the Blue Four (Lyonel Feininger, Alexei Jawlensky, Wassily Kandinsky and Paul Klee). The following year she moved to to California, becoming the European representative for the Oakland Museum. She lectured widely and arranged exhibitions of the Blue Four. Her collection of paintings is housed at the Norton Simon Museum, Pasadena.

• GRI: Collection of papers of Peg Weiss, a scholar of German Expressionism and on the faculty of Syracuse University. Papers include a copy of the Blue Four Archive owned by the Norton Simon Museum, including 1,722 letters between Galka Scheyer and members of the Blue Four, as well as correspondence with gallery owners, directors, scholars, and collectors.

Schneider-Gabriel Galleries, New York
Owned by Albert Schneider.

• AAA: Records, 1923–53. Financial records; correspondence; and approximately 500 photographs of works of art by major European (13th to 20th centuries) and American (19th and 20th centuries) artists.

Arlene Schnitzer (b. 1929)
Founder and director of the Fountain Gallery in Portland, Oreg.

• AAA: Interviews, June 7–9, 1985.

Schoelkopf Gallery, Ltd., New York
Established in 1962, the gallery specialized in 20th-century American painting and sculpture. It closed in 1991 following Schoelkopf's death.

• AAA: Records, 1962–91 (correspondence, printed matter, artists' files, photographs, slides, and color transparencies).

Manfred Schwartz (1909–70)
Painter and gallery owner; New York. Owned Gallery 144 West 13th Street, New York, c. 1931–34.

• AAA: Papers, 1934–66.

Scott & Fowles, New York
Established 1904, closed c. 1943. [See also Martin Birnbaum]

• AAA: Three hundred and fifty artist files and scrapbook, 1904–46. Records in storage at Wildenstein, N.Y.C.

François-Gérard Seligmann

• NGA: Photographs of paintings and decorative arts.
• RI: Photographs made from deteriorating negatives at NGA are interfiled with decorative arts photos in Photo Study Collection.

Jacques Seligmann et. Cie., Paris, and Germain Seligman & Co., New York
Jacques Seligmann founded the firm of Jacques Seligmann & fils in Paris in 1880. In 1912 the firm split into two independent galleries. The New York branch opened in the 1920s with Seligmann's son Germain Seligman as director [Germain dropped the last "n" of his father's name]. The firm was reunited after WWII. Among those closely associated with Seligmann and his son were Cesar M. De Hauke, Eugene Glaenzer, Georges Haardt, Werner Jucker, Osar A. Liechti, Mrs. Theresa D. Parker, Arthur Peck, Otto Pojes, Hugo Rose, Arnold Seligmann, René Seligmann, Clyfford Trevor, and Hans Waegen.

• GRI: Photographs of fine and decorative arts from both New York and Paris. Documents and stock sheets are enclosed with the corresponding photoprints.
• AAA: Records, 1913–83, New York and Paris. Correspondence, accounting records, inventories, descriptions of works; records of sales, stock lists, insurance records, internal memoranda, and other records. Included are some records of related or other firms, including De Hauke & Co., Eugene Glaenzer & Co., GERSEL, Modern Paintings, Jacques Seligmann & Fils, and Germain Seligman & Co. Files on paintings, drawings, sculpture, and decorative objects,; writings by Germain Seligman; a scrapbook; records relating to Germain Seligman's private collection; art inventories from the estate; financial material.

Helen Shlien Gallery, Boston
Established in 1978, closed in 1985, the gallery was first located at 348-352 Congress St. and moved in 1983 to 14 Newbury St.

• AAA: Records, 1978–83.

Signa Gallery, East Hampton, N.Y.
Established in 1957 by artists Alfornso Ossorio, John Little, and Elizabeth Parker, the gallery exhibited the work of contemporary East Hampton artists, including Franz Kline, Willem de Kooning, Lee Krasner, James Brooks, Balcomb Greene, and Perle Fine. Closed 1960.

• AAA: Records, 1957-63 (gallery correspondence; business records and printed material; writings; photographs; and recorded material).

C. G. Sloan & Co., Washington, D.C.
Auction house, founded in late 19th century. Closed in 1960s.

• AAA: C. G. Sloan & Co. auction catalogues, 1893–1963.

Smelik & Stokking Galleries, the Hague
Originally "Prince," and "de Singel," and Antiquiteiten en Oude Kunst b.v. in Ridderkerk, it was later known as Smelik & Stokking on the Noordeinde in the Hague.

• RKD: Records, 1969–94.

Benjamin K. Smith (1872–1973)
An employee of the O'Brien Galleries (1912–22), Chicago.

• AAA: Papers relating to O'Brien Galleries, 1912–1941, including handwritten lists concerning paintings from the Samuel Nickerson collection on consignment from the Art Institute of Chicago (1920–21) and furniture bought for the O'Brien Galleries, sales catalogues and announcements for the O'Brien Art Galleries, the House of O'Brien, and M. O'Brien & Sons. [See also O'Brien Galleries]

John Smith [The House of Smith, aka John Smith & Son], London
English dealer early 19th century. Author of A Catalogue Raisonné of the Works of the Most Eminent Dutch, Flemish, and French Painters. 9 vols. London, 1829-1842.

• V&A: Day, account, sales, cash, stock and receipt books, ledgers, index, 1812–1908.
• GRI: Copy of Smith's book with his annotations. Correspondence, 1830-49. Eighty letters and one marriage certificate. Majority of letters are between John Smith and his sons, John M. Smith and Samuel Mountjoy Smith. Letters concern buying and selling paintings, difficulties with purchasers, business trips in England and Europe, and family matters.
• RKD: Manuscript for part 7 [Rembrandt] of his Catalogue Raisonné.

Smith Anderson Gallery, Palo Alto, Calif.
Contemporary abstract painting, works on paper, and sculpture.

• AAA: Records, 1963–80.

Craig Hugh Smyth
Art historian, professor of Renaissance Italian art, Smyth was involved in the recuperation of confiscated works of art after WWII.

• GRI: Oral history interview.

Space Gallery, Los Angeles
Established in 1975 by Edward Den Lau, the gallery represented, among others, Bob Alderette, John Davis, Christel Dillbohner, Matsumi Kanemitsu, Seiji Kunishima, Norman Lundin, Ann Page, Rachel Rosenthal (includes video), Norman Schwab, Olga Seem, Tom Stanton, and Masami Teraoka.

• AAA: Records, 1975–95 (correspondence, invoices, consignment forms, loan agreements, guest books, artists' files, clippings, exhibition announcements, and press releases).

Victor Spark (1898–1991)
Art dealer and appraiser.

• AAA: Papers, 1849–1983 (extensive files on clients, galleries, museums, dealers, and other business associates, containing correspondence, business records, and appraisal notes, general ledgers, sales ledgers, consignment records,; stock books, etc.).

Galerie Spies, Paris

• Orsay: Records, 1900–50.

Galerie St. Étienne, Paris and New York
Galerie St. Étienne was established in Paris in 1938 by Otto Kallir, who had fled Vienna, where he owned and operated the Neue Galerie. Both galleries specialized in works by the Austrian Expressionists; the New York gallery also represented the work of Grandma Moses. Kallir was forced to flee Paris within a year of establishing his gallery there and opened the Galerie St. Étienne in New York, which is currently run by his granddaughter, Jane Kallir. Kallir bought a large number of works from the June 30, 1939, Fischer sale, sending them to the United States for resale. Paintings sent by Kallir from Vienna to Paris and stored in Paris during the war were not looted and were returned to him. Kallir helped a number of Jewish families reclaim works from their collections after the war. The gallery continues to work with these families and has information about a number of pre-war collections.

• Gallery maintains records. Records 1938–39 of Paris gallery are sketchy; complete records of New York gallery, 1939–present; two annotated copies of the Fischer sale from which Kallir bought numerous works.
• ZADIK: Papers [See also Neue Galerie, Vienna; Jane Kallir interview; Hildegard Bachert]

Stable Gallery, New York
Eleanor Ward opened the gallery on West 58th St. in 1953, showing controversial new artists during the 1950s and 1960s. Closed in 1970.

• AAA: Records, 1916–87, mostly 1958–83 (financial records and artist files containing correspondence, photographs, announcements of shows, exhibition catalogues, and price lists; also four sketchbooks; an inventory of gallery artists, and artists' resumes, etc.).

Staempfli Gallery, New York
Art gallery; established c. 1959. Specializes in contemporary American and European painting and sculpture. Co-director Philip Bruno.

• AAA: Exhibition catalogues 1959–88 (an incomplete run of catalogues for exhibitions held at the gallery and for special exhibitions held in Los Angeles and Houston).

Steel Gallery, Bridgehampton, N.Y.
Owned by Arthur J. Steel, gallery dealt with American artists.

• AAA: Records, 1962–80 (exhibition announcements, exhibition catalogues, press releases, and clippings collected by the Steel Gallery regarding numerous American artists; 14 photographs of works of art by American artists).

Stendahl Art Galleries, Los Angeles
Established in 1921 by Earl Stendahl, the initial focus of the galleries was pre-Columbian and "primitive" art; later the focus shifted to contemporary artists.

• AAA: Records, c. 1920–64 (254 files on artists, institutions, dealers, and individuals connected with the galleries; correspondence, financial material, exhibition catalogues, and announcements; clippings, press releases, photographs).

Marie Sterner Gallery, New York, and Bridgehampton, N.Y.
Marie Sterner was instrumental in advancing the cause of American artists in the early 20th century. Sterner opened her first gallery in 1923. Her gallery was eventually bought by Leonard Clayton.

• AAA: Papers of Marie Sterner and Marie Sterner Gallery, 1913–51 (exhibition catalogues and announcements, scrapbooks, and correspondence). [See also Clayton–Liberatore Gallery]

Hugh Stix, New York (d. 1992)
Gallery president and art administrator, Stix founded the Artists' Gallery in 1936. He was also administrator for the Museum Purchase Fund. Gloria Vanderbilt annually contributed to the fund, which gave recognition to young artists by purchasing their work.

• AAA: Papers, 1947–63. An exhibition announcement and catalogue from the Artists' Gallery 20th anniversary exhibition, 1955; letters from artists responding to Stix's request for drawings for the exhibition; material relating to the Museum Purchase Fund, including correspondence with Gloria Vanderbilt, printed material, and photographs; and printed material on Gloria Vanderbilt. Interview, Sept. 23-Dec. 5, 1963. [See also Artists' Gallery]

John C. Stoller & Co., Minneapolis

• AAA: Photographs and printed matter, c. 1970–84; also a few catalogues issued by Dayton's Gallery, also of Minneapolis.

David Stuart, Los Angeles (1910–84)
Owned and operated by David Stuart, the gallery dealt in pre-Columbian and African art as well as contemporary, especially Californian, art.

• AAA: Papers and gallery records, 1910–84. The bulk of the material in the files are photographs of contemporary and pre-Columbian art. Biographical material, personal correspondence, clippings, and files on artists, exhibitions, and special projects and interests; eleven posters.

Galerie der Sturm
H. Walden.

• Stadt Bibliothek Preussischer Kulturbesitz: Correspondence

William Suhr
Trained in Berlin, Suhr came to the United States to work under Wilhelm Valentiner at the Detroit Institute of Arts in 1927. In 1933 he moved to New York, where he became restorer to the Frick Collection while retaining his private clientele. He was chief conservator for the New York World's Fair in 1939. After WWII he worked closely with the art market in New York, especially for Rosenberg and Stiebel and others.

• GRI: Papers, c. 1846–2003.
• AAA: Letters, 1927–1959

Amedée Susse
19th-century French art dealer.

• GRI: Letters received, 1836–38, from painters Edouard Cibot, Eugène Ciceri (1811–90), Léon Cogniet (1794–1880), Henri de Caisne (1799–1852), Auguste Delacroix (1809–68), Louis Garneray (1783–1857), Jean Baptiste Louis Hubert (b. 1801), Eugene Soules, etc.

Svensk-Franska, Stockholm
Contemporary Swedish artists and, increasingly, contemporary French artists, such as Léger, Picasso, Braque. Worked with Kahnweiler and other French dealers. Old Master paintings appear to have been sold through auctions rather than handled directly. Later merged with Galerie Bonnier [see for history].

• GRI: Stock books, correspondence, catalogues.

Swetzoff Gallery, Boston
Art gallery, established c. 1948 as Frameshop Gallery, with Hyman and Semour Swetzoff as directors. Hyman assumed exclusive ownership and ran the gallery until his death in 1968.

• AAA: Records, 1948–68 (correspondence, financial records, photographs, catalogues, statements, notebooks, personal papers of owner Hyman Swetzoff, and extensive files on artists, collectors, and dealers).

Tabarant Collection

• JPML: Three albums of photos taken of paintings in Manet's studio after his death; annotated; correspondence between Manet and contemporaries; papers of Manet's widow, Suzanne.

Tanager Gallery, New York
Located on E. 10th St., 1952–62, Tanager Gallery operated as a cooperative outlet for a group of New York artists, primarily Abstract Expressionists.

• AAA: Records, 1952–72 (correspondence; certificates; notes; journals; business and financial records; scrapbooks; catalogues).

Tedesco Freres, Paris

• GRI [Dieterle]: Papers

Alphonse Wyatt Thibaudeau, London
Firm of art dealers, including Frederick A. White, whose clients included principally Alphonse Legros, Tissot, and Burne-Jones.

• GRI [microfiche]: Ledger, 1875–1877, regarding paintings bought, cash advances to the artist and sales of frames, photographs, etc. Some later, loose pieces included, 1884–1914. Index.

Thomas Lewallen Gallery, Santa Monica, Calif.
Originally called Morgan Thomas Gallery after its owner, the name changed to Thomas Lewallen Gallery in 1977 when Constance Lewallen became an equal partner.

• AAA: Records, 1970–80 relating to the Thomas Lewallen Gallery and its predecessor, Morgan Thomas Gallery, including partnership papers; financial records, ledgers; clippings; press releases; exhibition announcements; printed material; artist and subject files.

David Croal Thomson (1855–1930)
David Croal Thomson was director of Goupil Gallery, London, and also partner in the firms of Thomas Agnew & Sons, the French Gallery, and Barbizon House, which he partnered with his son Lockett Thomson. In his capacity as a dealer as well as a critic and editor, he was in regular contact with leading artists, dealers, and art historians.

• GRI: Papers. 1879–1931, include letters form artists, dealers, patrons and friends, family correspondence, printed ephemera, and miscellaneous papers.

William H. Thomson
Thomson was dealer and the owner of Thomson Galleries; Detroit.

• AAA: Papers, 1912–1950 (scrapbooks, photographs, correspondence; annotated photographs of friends, including the art dealer John Levy and Norman F. Wells, Jan. 4, 1937).

Louis Tiessen
Dealer/collector.

• RKD: Correspondence from Corneille and Karel Appel; and others.

Tortue Gallery, Santa Monica, Calif.
Mallory Freeman was director.

• AAA: Letters, 1971–74.

Arthur Tooth & Son, London and New York
Major London-based art dealership in the 19th and 20th centuries. Arthur Tooth founded the firm in the Haymarket, London, in 1842. Initially the firm dealt primarily in 18th- and early 19th-century British paintings and drawings. Beginning in the 1880s, the firm increasingly handled contemporary paintings and an occasional Old Master work; after 1892, art and artifacts show up in the stock inventories. Subsidiaries were established in New York and Paris during the early 20th century. The New York branch closed in 1924.

• GRI: Stock books of the main London branch of the firm from 1871 to 1941; associated consignment book 1929-59; nine ledgers of London branch for 1913–17 and 1942–45. Also records of the New York branch: stock inventories, 1906–12, and accounts, 1919–24. Records of Paris subsidiary are not represented in this collection.

Truman Gallery, New York
From 1971–79, the gallery was owned and run by Jock Truman, who had previously worked for Betty Parsons for many years. Exhibited Louis Nevelson and Ad Reinhardt.

• AAA: Records, 1976–79.

Percy Moore Turner, London
Samuel Courtauld's picture dealer.

• Courtauld: Files on various artists and large quantity of fragile newspaper cuttings relating to the art world and/or Turner himself.

Curt Valentin Gallery, New York
Established by Curt Valentin in 1937, the gallery was known from 1937–51 as Buchholz Gallery. Between 1934 and 1937, Valentin had run his own gallery in the art department of Buchhandlung Buchholz, Berlin. In 1939 the New York gallery moved from West 46th Street to a modest building on 57th Street. It was renamed Curt Valentin Gallery in 1951 and continued under that name until Valentin's death in 1955.

• MOMA: New York gallery papers 1937–55
• ZADIK: Papers [referred to as Curt Valentien, New York]
• AAA: 101 catalogues of exhibitions organized by Curt Valentin at Galerie Alfred Flechtheim in Berlin, 1929, and at Buchholz Gallery in New York City, 1937–48. [See also Buchholz; Otto and Ilse Gerson; Jane Wade]

Valentine Gallery, New York
Established in 1926 by Valentine Dudensing (b. 1892) as Dudensing, the gallery was renamed F. Valentine Dudensing and later, Valentine Gallery. The gallery, which represented Louis M. Eilshemius, John Kane, C. S. Price, and Henri Matisse, closed in 1948.

• AAA: Records, 1926–1948.

Wilhelm Valentiner
Valentiner was the founding director of the Detroit Institute of Art (1924–46); director-consultant of the Los Angeles County Museum (1946–54); director, Getty Museum, 1954; director, North Carolina Museum of Art (1955–58). He was also editor of Art in America, 1913–31.

• NCSA: Papers
• AAA: Diary, correspondence, photographs, etc. (microfilm; partial copy of NCSA papers)

Valley House Gallery, Dallas
The painter Donald S. Vogel established the gallery in 1951 and was its director. From 1951 to 1956 the gallery was known as the Betty McLean Gallery. It exhibited 20th-century European and American art.

• AAA: Records, 1941–79 (financial records; biographical information on Texas artists; notes on primitive painter Clara McDonald Williamson, and seven casette tapes of an interview with her by Vogel; exhibition catalogues and clippings; correspondence with Edith Halpert, Curt Valentin, Wildenstein & Co., M. Knoedler, et al.; biographical sketch of Vogel).

Galerie Paul Valloton, Lausanne

• ZADIK: Records, 1900–present

Albert du Vannes (1882–1962)
Born Albert Di Giovanni in Naples, Italy, moved in 1894 to St. Paul, Minn., and c. 1902 to New York City. He later gave up painting and opened an art gallery. He changed his name in 1926.

• AAA: Twenty-five photographs, 1896–1950 (bulk 1898–1906) and a brief biography of du Vannes by his son.

Fonds Vauxcelles, Paris

• BAAJD: Mss. and press clippings belonging to Louis Vauxcelles.

Venduehuis der Notarissen, The Hague
Auction house.

• RKD: Cards with information from the years 1918–50.

Vickery, Atkins & Torrey
Important early 20th-century art gallery in San Francisco established by W. K. Vickery with his nephew, Henry Atkins (J. Henry P. Atkins). The gallery handled primarily etchings, paintings, watercolors by Maynard Dixon, William Keith, Francis McComas, Arthur Putnam, et al., as well as oriental ceramics and jewelry designed by Atkins.

• AAA: Records, 1901–30 (photographs, sketches, drawings, and business records; four small groups of inventories; albums).

Dina Vierny, Paris
Maillol's last model. Active as a dealer in Paris from at least 1954.

• Galerie Louise Leiris: Papers [See also Otto and Ilse Gerson]

James Vigeveno Galleries, Los Angeles and Ojai, Calif.
Exhibited primarily French and American paintings, as well as Chinese ceramics and works by Dutch and Flemish masters. In 1956, the gallery moved from Los Angeles to Ojai. Paintings from the gallery were exhibited periodically 1957–64 at the Bel-Air Hotel, Los Angeles.

• AAA: Exhibition catalogues and photographs, 1940–75; chronology of the gallery's exhibitions, 1940–56; photographs of paintings sold through the gallery, accompanied by a list; and a complete set of exhibition announcements and catalogues.

Ambroise Vollard, Paris (1867–1939)
Influential patron and dealer of painters of French artists working in Paris during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. When he died in 1939, his large collection of paintings was divided between his heirs. In April 1940, Vollard's executor, the dealer Martin Fabiani, shipped 560 paintings from his collection to the United States. The shipment was intercepted by the British in Bermuda as enemy property and stored at the National Gallery of Canada, Ottawa, during the war. For inventory of paintings shipped, see NARA.

• Orsay: Papers, 1895–1939 (microfilm)
• WI: Papers
• NGC: Photographs

Vose Galleries, Providence and Boston
Established in Providence, R.I., in 1841 by Ransom Hicks and acquired by Joseph Vose later in the same year. Seth Morton Vose joined his father in 1850 and became the director in 1855. Until the late 1860s the primary business was frame making, gilding, and selling art supplies. Seth's son Robert C. Vose joined the firm in 1896 and managed the Boston gallery from 1897. The Providence gallery closed in 1910 after the death of Seth, and the Boston gallery became known as R. C. and N. M. Vose and, after 1924, the Robert C. Vose Galleries. In 1952 the name changed to Vose Galleries of Boston, Inc. Vose Galleries specialized in American and European paintings.

• AAA: Extensive and detailed records, 1871-1993 (financial records, including account books, inventories, stock books, consignment books, etc.; journals, ledgers, correspondence, exhibition records and catalogues, scrapbooks, printed material, photographs, drawings, a manuscript on the Philadelphia Centennial, and photographs, many annotated by George Vose, c. 1890–1964). [See also Margaret Beard Gilpin]

Waddell Galley, New York
Established c. 1963 by Richard Waddel and operated by him until 1973. Represented contemporary American and European artists.

• AAA: Records, 1960–77 (artists' files, scattered administrative and correspondence files, and sales records).

Jane Wade (b. 1925)
Art dealer; New York. Employed by Curt Valentin Gallery and Fine Arts Associates, Inc.

• AAA: Papers, 1903–71, from Wade's work at the Curt Valentin Gallery and Fine Arts Associates, Inc. Includes: Valentin's correspondence, with letters from Gerhard Marcks, Henry Kahnweiler, Lyonel Feininger, Alexander Calder, Henry Moore, E. L. Kirchner, and others; letters to Wade from Alexander Calder, Marino Marini, David Smith, Will Grohmann, Henry Moore, Quappi Beckmann, and others; correspondence between David Smith and Otto Gerson of Fine Arts Associates; lists of Valentin's exhibitions and Picasso items sold; clippings about Valentin and photographs.

Maynard Walker Gallery, New York
Established in New York c. 1935 by Maynard Walker, the gallery opened a branch in Hollywood, Calif., in 1938. Walker was a primary promoter of the Regionalists during the 1930s and 1940s.
 

• AAA: Records, 1847–1973 (correspondence; photographs; scrapbooks; and printed material).

John Wanamaker Department Store Art Gallery, Philadelphia
Wanamaker's Department Store was established in 1861; the art gallery, which is now defunct, opened in 1881.

• AAA: Records, c. 1908–41 (correspondence; customs papers; purchase and sale records; preview invitations; inventories documenting John Wanamaker's import of French painting from Parisian salons and artists to sell in his store, to keep for his private collection and to keep for his store collection).

Ellis Kirkham Waterhouse (d. 1987)
Art historian.

• GRI: Notebooks with account of paintings he saw in private collections and galleries throughout Europe and America from the 1930s to 1950s. Research materials—English painting; Italian Baroque painting, etc. Correspondence. Bulk of the material c. 1924–79. Waterhouse resources are in both Special Collections and the Photo Study Collection.

Waterman Gallery, Amsterdam
Old Master Dutch paintings.

• NGA: Photographs incorporated into photo study collection.

Watson/de Nagy & Company, Houston
Contemporary art. Known prior to 1976 as Tibor de Nagy Gallery Texas, Inc., a branch of Tibor de Nagy Gallery, New York, the gallery became known as the Watson Gallery after 1985.

• AAA: Records, 1972–84. Correspondence; business records; photographs; gallery and artist files. [See also Tibor de Nagy Gallery, New York]

Julius Weitzner, New York and London
Old Master and 19th-century paintings. Papers not available.

• GRI: Photographs incorporated into GRI Photo Study Collection. Location of records unknown; may have been destroyed.

Westerly Gallery, New York
Cooperative art gallery; New York. Founded by a group of young artists who had studied with Theodoros Stamos.

• AAA: Records, 1962–66. Biographical material concerning Toshio Arakaki, Sydney Ball, Robert Barry, Jean-Denis Cruchet, Jerome Goldstein, Anne McGann, James Norman, Caroline Cain Roth, Abby Shahn, Roi Slamm, Pauline Thomas, Roland Tiemann, et al.; lists of works on consignment and exhibited; policy statements; exhibition announcements, press releases, clippings, etc.; receipts; visitor's registers; and a typescript, "The 'W' Group or Westerly Gallery," by Cynthia Park, 1966.

Westwood Art Association, Los Angeles
Art gallery that represented artist Henry Miller.

• AAA: Records, 1960–74 (business correspondence, photographs, slides, press releases and clippings, primarily documenting the 1967 exhibitions in Los Angeles and Paris of Henry Miller's 70 watercolors and etchings).

Weyhe Gallery, New York
American prints and drawings.

• AAA: Records, 1931–42

Ruth White Gallery, New York
Established in 1956, the gallery specialized in contemporary art.

• AAA: Records, 1936–1970 (correspondence, printed material, business records, scrapbooks, and photographs).

Wildenstein Galleries, Paris, London, New York
Wildenstein & Company was founded in Paris in 1875 by Nathaniel Daniel Wildenstein, the grandfather of Daniel Wildenstein, the present head of the family firm, who works closely with his sons Guy and Alec. Wildenstein originally specialized in French 18th-century painting and was largely responsible for establishing its popularity in America and Europe. By the 1900s, the gallery was handling pictures, sculptures, and works of art of all schools from the 14th-century primitives to contemporary European and American artists. In 1902 Wildenstein opened a gallery in New York, followed in 1933 by a gallery in London, and in 1940 by another in Buenos Aires. In 1972, the firm opened a gallery in Tokyo. The Wildenstein family purchased 49 percent of New York's Pace Gallery in 1993, signaling their expanding interest in contemporary art.

• Wildenstein, London, maintains partial records for that Wildenstein, Paris.
• Wildenstein, New York, maintains archive of the New York branch: Records 1902–present. New York records for early years (beginning c. 1902) are sparse. After WWII, the gallery made a concerted effort to maintain records, establishing a research library and files.

Nicholas Wilder Gallery, Los Angeles
From 1965–79, Nicholas Wilder discovered and promoted emerging young artists in Los Angeles and New York, including Bruce Nauman, Joe Goode, and Tom Holland. By 1979, his best known artists had moved to the James Corcoran Gallery and Wilder moved to New York.

• AAA: Records, 1965–79 (exhibition announcements, catalogues, invitations, financial records, stock cards and 5x7 transparencies; some correspondence; interview with Wilder, July 18, 1988).

Willard Gallery, New York
Established in 1936 by Marian Willard as East River Gallery. In 1938 the name was changed to Neumann-Willard Gallery, and c. 1945 it became known as the Willard Gallery.

• AAA: Records and correspondence, 1917–73. Correspondence; scrapbooks; material on David Smith, Lee Gatch, Morris Graves, and Mark Tobey; and miscellany.
• ZADIK: Documents

Willis Gallery, Detroit

• AAA: Records, c. 1971–77 (correspondence; receipts of works sold and artists' financial statements; legal and financial documents; lists of artists and notes on artists; benefit and exhibition announcements; and clippings).

Galerie J. W. Wilson, Paris

• GRI: Stock book and four letters from collectors and curators, c. 1870–85. Inventory of 370 paintings, 17th through 19th century.

Harry Wine, Dublin
Dealer.

• According to his son, Judge Hubert Wine, there are no records.

Howard Wise Gallery, New York and Cleveland, Ohio
Established in Cleveland in 1950. Specialized in kinetic art and light sculpture. Closed in 1971.

• AAA: Records and correspondence, 1950–70.

Kunsthandel Van Wisselingh & Co., Amsterdam and London
Art dealers. Important dealers of works by the artists of The Hague School. During his early career he worked with Goupil, Paris.

• RKD: Correspondence, stock books, account books, exhibition catalogues, scrapbooks, 1890–1948.

George Wittenborn, Inc., New York
Important art publishing firm, bookstore on Madison Aveneue.

• MOMA: Correspondence, c. 1930s–75

Wolff Gallery, New York
Art gallery.

• AAA: Records, 1984–91 (correspondence, guest books, 1985 calendar, artist files).

Womanspace Gallery, Los Angeles
Art gallery. Founded 1972 as cooperative gallery for feminist activities.

• AAA: Records, 1972–74 (correspondence, exhibition files, business records, photographs, and slides of works; correspondence and business records of WOMANSPACE JOURNAL).

Roger Wong Gallery, Los Angeles
Established in 1974 and operated by Roger Wong, the gallery closed in 1983.

• AAA: Records, 1970s–83

Workshop Gallery, New York
Art gallery.

• AAA: Records, 1958–59 (correspondence; financial papers; a guest book; exhibition catalogues; public relations and advertising material, photographs of the work of Beate Hulbrook, Henry Pearson, Ann Truxell, Macdonald Stewart, Alice Baber, Elaine de Kooning, and Edith Schloss).

H. Wunderlich & Co./Kennedy & Company
Established as a print gallery in 1874 by Hermann Wunderlich. Following Wunderlich's death in 1892, his partner, Edward Kennedy took over. In 1912 the gallery's name changed to Kennedy & Company and in 1952 it became Kennedy Galleries. As H. Wunderlich & Company, the gallery handled primarily fashionable prints, Old Master prints and a few contemporary artists, including James McNeill Whistler, David Cameron, and Seymour Hayden. The firm is not affiliated with Wunderlich & Co., founded in the 1980s.

• AAA: Stock books, 1879–1915 (21 stock inventory books and one consignment book; one stock book (1915) of Kennedy & Company).

Zabriskie Gallery, New York, and Galerie Zabriskie, Paris
Established by Virginia Zabriskie, the gallery specialized in modernism, Surrealism, and contemporary art and photography. Paris gallery officially opened 1977 but work began there in 1976.

• AAA: New York transaction records, 1951–96; correspondence, 1969–96. Paris records: correspondence with New York, 1988-91; and with artists, dealers, and other galleries, 1978–88; records, 1977–95 (inventories and account books). Administrative, subject, exhibition, and artist files. Virginia M. Zabriskie interviews, May 28–June 6, 1975.

Galerie Zborowski, Paris
According to Malcolm Gee in Dealers, Critics and Collectors…(1981), correspondence and press clippings were with Mme P. Jourdain, Paris.